difference between china and us political system
Pundits tend to be alarmed by a default here and there. Western systems are . The paper also highlighted citizen engagement in both countries, either through direct elections in the USA or through the CCP controlled nominations in China. Learn how to overcome barriers when working globally. HBR: Chinas economy seems to be the healthiest in the world at the moment. Would you like to get this essay by email? Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. Chinas leaders argue that its essentially Leninist rule book makes Chinese politics far less arbitrary or nepotistic than those of many other, notably Western, countries (even though the system has its share of back-scratching and opaque decision-making). All these testify to the strength of the Chinese economy. China uses its particular authoritarian modeland its presumed legitimacyto build trust with its population in ways that would be considered highly intrusive in a liberal democracy. The main difference between Chinese and US politics is the political ideologies, and one is founded on a democratic yet capitalist system while the other has been led through decades on a Communist and one-party system. A country that provides its citizen with education produces better minds that can bring in better business ideas to the economy. Decisionsby both individuals and the stateabout how to invest all serve one purpose: to provide security and stability in an unpredictable world. As the situation worsened, Trump had to rise and respond, only to find more problems revealing themselves hundreds of thousands of confirmed cases of infections awaiting treatment, medical equipment in short supply, the fatal consequences of the hollowing out U.S. industries. -- China's system of political parties is a system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), not a Western-style multiparty system. 808 certified writers online. In other words, the U.S. position as hegemon doesnt necessarily bring it any economic benefits. The Trump administration, however, has focused on U.S. economic interests, putting the pursuit of hegemonistic benefits in a secondary position. Majority of China's production companies are owned and managed by the government. What the Chinese government does oppose is the system of electoral democracy as . The Vietnamese premier is very powerful. (2016). A decade ago its retail-goods market was about $1.8 trillionless than half that of the United States. In such a system innovation is limited since people do don feel motivated to come up with brilliant business ideas because undesirable laws keep on blocking them. This suggests that something distinctive to mainland China influences this behavior: long-term unpredictability thats sufficiently recent to have been experienced by or passed on to those now buying stocks. For instance, a business that wants to invest in China from the US, it must be prepared for more restrictions and should not expect Chines courts to consider the condition that leads to a certain situation since their law does not permit this. In fact, the pandemic has made the world, Out of the Gobi: My Story of China and America, Money Games: The Inside Story of How American Dealmakers Saved Koreas Most Iconic Bank. This is a natural outcome of the decline in U.S. strength. The civil law system only allows the judge to make his or her judgment basing on the law and should not consider other factors surrounding the business. Beijing ICP prepared NO.16065310-3, China vs. America: Political diversity vs. political conformity. Does that create new investment opportunities? The legal system of a country establishes regulations and laws that maintain and indicate the basic values of an entire nation. The resulting victory, which for decades the CCP spun as its solo vanquishing of an external enemy, was reinforced by defeat of an internal one (Chiang Kai-shek in 1949), establishing the legitimacy of the party and its authoritarian system. Investors have always been enticed by Chinas vast market. They make three plausible but false assumptions: Democracy is an inevitable consequence of economic development; authoritarian regimes are never seen as legitimate; and the Chinese think, behave, and invest much like anyone in the West. Chinas history continues to color its view of international relationsand in large part explains its current obsession with the inviolability of its sovereignty. In the early 2010s she started moderating her previously outspoken political comments on Weibo as censorship tightened up. At 22,000 miles, it is twice as long as the rest of the worlds combined. This shared quest for predictability explains the continuing attractiveness of an authoritarian system in which control is the central tenet. The pandemic has profoundly shaken the U.S. sense of superiority in values, culture and systems since the Enlightenment, and by extension the entire West. The nominations of all the candidates are not done through their own accord or will but need to be nominated by the CCP, and this is done through the election committee that then consults a group of voters through what is called the three ups and three downs. The past decade has, if anything, strengthened Chinese leaders view that economic reform is possible without liberalizing politics. But looking back over her life story, one can see why even many young Chinese today may feel a reduced sense of predictability or trust in what the future holdsor in what their government might do next. The Chinese spent countless hours restructuring their legal system to closer represent those in the Western business. . Until that happens, the world will remain unstable as the U.S. aggressively tries to eliminate political diversity. The executive branch of the government holds the highest position of head of state and the cabinet as well, which is appointed by the National Peoples Congress. Globalization. A Chinese professor who has lived in both the US and China believes there is a core cultural difference leading to the country's diverging paths. In International Business: Competing in the global marketplace (11th ed.). In China, the legal system "is based on civil laws" (Nolan, 2012). But the state-owned sector remains too big and inefficient. In 2020 China had more billionaires than the U.S. did, and it outpaces the U.S. three to one in minting them. Doing business in emerging markets. Bidens proposals have been criticized as new wine in old bottles, and a kind of tinkering; Trump is regarded by Henry Kissinger as marking the end of an old era. Solve your problem differently! for only $16.05 $11/page. These officials preside over different tribunals and committees, which can range from civil, administrative to communication, and transport cases. Either way you slice it, the economies are the two strongest . The technology war waged by the Trump administration forced China to develop critical technologies, such as semiconductor chips, for which it has relied on U.S. suppliers. Obviously, as an economy develops and new problems emerge, all social systems need certain reforms. And only the U.S. can threaten Americas economic supremacyby underinvesting in its own infrastructure and by limiting trade. Dictatorship, Gun Control: Legal, Psychology and Political Viewpoint, Difference Between Criminal and Civil Court System. What are the dangers in Americas continued demonization of China? The economy has grown 36-fold over the past three decades, chiefly because of market-oriented reforms that have created a vibrant private sector, which now accounts for about two-thirds of Chinas GDP. The commission has succeeded in reducing corruption in large part because it is essentially above the lawsomething unimaginable in a liberal democracy. And what is it that the Chinese dont understand about the United States? Access more than 40 courses trusted by Fortune 500 companies. - Quora Answer (1 of 17): Americans hold the individual in the highest regard, whereas Chinese hold the community in the highest regard. Corporatism also recognizes only one organization as its sole representative, which can be seen through the CCP (Chan, 1994). A cleaner in Chongqing now owns several apartments because the CCP reformed property laws. But the third assumption can also mislead those seeking to engage with China. The political system of China has been operational since its establishment for 50 years. Chinas saving rate will drop significantly as its population ages, and investment will slow. In other words, it's actually the U.S. that's an ideologically driven state and not China, unlike what the Western mainstream media has falsely claimed in recent years. Along with China's economic and military rise, its leading political values will increasingly shape both China and the world at large. A democratic state is supposed to be free and fair, and the President of the country is also chosen by the citizens to lead them through the crisis and to provide them with basic necessities and human rights. Both countries have a Judicial, Executive, and Legislative branch. But in China the consumer applications have come faster, making more obvious the link between government investment and products and services that benefit individuals. Eligible voters are chosen through a register for rural and urban voters to make the process easier, and smaller elections have a number of 200 to 300 voters while the larger level can have up to 1000 voters. Believing, for example, that political freedom would follow the new economic freedoms, they wrongly assumed that Chinas internet would be similar to the freewheeling and often politically disruptive version developed in the West. The benefits are both financial (for example, access to mortgage loans) and social (permission to buy a ticket on one of the new high-speed trains). After observing how other nations are doing well under democracy in the international market, countries with command systems are now doing all they can to change this even if it means giving up some of their traditions. China and the United States significantly differ in terms of the economic, legal and political system but this does not stop them from being the top two nation with the biggest economy worldwide. Great challenges lie ahead. The critical distinction is that the Chinese system is not only Marxist, its Marxist-Leninist. On the foreign front, China never tried to pressure anyone to conform to its domestic political system but instead not only respects, but celebrates, their differences. However, the beliefs and positions of political parties change over time, so . Not completely and not without very high costs. Editor's note: Andrew Korybko is a Moscow-based American political analyst. Navigating your companys future in China, Americans Dont Know How Capitalist China Is, Economics and Democracy Are Two Sides of the Same Coin, Authoritarian Political Systems Cant Be Legitimate, The Chinese Live, Work, and Invest Like Westerners, A version of this article appeared in the. When we first traveled to China, in the early 1990s, it was very different from what we see today. (b) The national average SP of CO2 is 266.8 US dollars per ton, which is much higher than the carbon price in the emission trading system. Lets imagine the personal history of a Chinese woman who is 65 today. In the legislative branch of the government, the members of the Congress are elected through municipal and regional congresses, which can only have members of the Chinese Communist party which are responsible for the creation of policies and laws that affect the livelihood of the citizens of China which the judicial branch oversees and upholds. Many Westerners assume that China is on the same development trajectory that Japan, Britain, Germany, and France embarked on in the immediate aftermath of World War IIthe only difference being that the Chinese started much later than other Asian economies, such as South Korea and Malaysia, after a 40-year Maoist detour. Today its traded on the New York Stock Exchange with a market cap of about $45 billion and has more than 800 million unique active users. Hill, C. (2017). Earn badges to share on LinkedIn and your resume. But much of the technological progress has come from a highly innovative and well-funded military that has invested heavily in Chinas burgeoning new industries. All the work should be used in accordance with the appropriate policies and applicable laws. In contrast, the U.S. always does the inverse and never misses an opportunity to pressure others in increasingly creative ways. Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi made an excellent remark about political systems across the world while speaking with the U.S. Council on Foreign Relations last week. The US is a developed country, its national infrastructure has essentially been completed; China is a developing country and is undergoing large-scale infrastructure construction. A nation that practice individualism and democracy is more likely to have an economic system that is market-based and this is more desirable since it allows businesses to produce what their products maximally thereby making desirable profits. This explains why the People's Republic of China (PRC) never attaches any political strings to its economic deals nor makes ultimatums regarding any of its partners. From the depth of their hearts, Americans confront the reality that the beacon of freedom has to learn from the authoritarian government of communist China in some respects. Some have expressed optimism that Chinas need for control will lessen after theyve proved their worth as partners. The country will need to continue to reform and privatize its state-owned firmsand shift from investment to private consumptionor it will not be able to sustain its growth. Mandarin. Those countries have since 1945 been pluralist democracies with independent judiciaries. The CPC runs the country while the other non communist parties play the role of participatory. The primary contrast between China and the U.S. is that the former supports political diversity while the latter aggressively imposes its envisioned political conformity upon all others. Here and there, yes, but not in a meaningful way in general, and not without harm to itself. We have both sat in meetings where business executives, particularly in the technology and pharmaceutical sectors, expressed surprise at Chinas insistence that they transfer ownership of their IP to a Chinese company. The United States is famous for being ethnically and religiously diverse, but most of the branches of the government are made up of Christian and White males who have come from affluent backgrounds and studied from elite universities such as the Ivy Leagues. ), Copyright 2020 CGTN. As the author Yuval Noah Harari has pointed out, liberalism has had few competitors since the end of the Cold War, when both fascism and communism appeared defeated. The Communist Party of China does not give the citizens any chance to question the existing and it has total control of everything going on in the state (Solinger, 2016). A young student in Nanjing can study propulsion physics at Beijings Tsinghua University thanks to social mobility and the partys significant investment in scientific research. The Communist Party of China (CPC) harbors no supremacist beliefs and doesn't plan to export its governing model abroad. China has stolen American jobs, the thinking goes, so we oppose China. Learn how to overcome barriers when working globally. Westerners failure to appreciate this explains why many still expect China to reduce its role as investor, regulator, and, especially, intellectual property owner when that role is in fact seen as essential by the Chinese government. ChatGPT has become a sensation since its public release in November, with its ability to produce plausible responses to text prompts, including requests to write essays. American companies will do so only if U.S. tariffs become more penalizing than moving would be. First name should have at least 2 letters, Phone number should have at least 10 digits, Essay Sample on Exploring Economic Growth: Laws and Challenges, Essay Sample on Creating a Local Government on a Privately-Owned Island, Essay Example on Texas: A State of Pride and Ownership, China and India: Nations' Health Comparison, Infidel and the Influence of Politics on United States Religious Background, Essay Example on Plenary Powers in the US Constitution. Where can it move its production if the target market is China? He believes Chinese people are fixated on. Today he is the CEO of PAG, a $40 billion private equity firm based in Hong Kong. Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted. China's lead over the U.S. is especially clear in Germany, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic and France, where people are at least 10 percentage points more likely to see China as the leading economy. Recognizing that the authoritarian Marxist-Leninist system is accepted in China as not only legitimate but also effective is crucially important if Westerners are to make more-realistic long-term decisions about how to deal with or invest in the country. It will take years if not decades for China to catch up in some areas, at great cost. But it wont back off from its territorial claims, all of which predate the Peoples Republic of China. Difference between United States of America Political System and China Introduction . In fact, China is the only G20 country to have posted positive growth. While Bidens policy proposals reflect fading U.S. hegemonistic attitudes, Trump is showing Americans the status quo of U.S. power. The real danger is the Taiwan issue. As a result, economic growth came in tandem with social progress (through, for example, legislation protecting individual choice and minority rights), which made it easy to imagine that they were two sides of a coin. Nations without better access to such facilities depend on their agriculture and natural resources to enhance economic growth. New York: McGraw Hill/Irwin. The closing meeting of the fifth session of the 12th National People's Congress is held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing . Many Chinese not only dont believe that democracy is necessary for economic success but do believe that their form of government is legitimate and effective. But this argument overlooks some fundamental differences between China and the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany, and France. For example, the British role in the Opium Wars of the 1840s kicked off a 100-year period that the Chinese still refer to as the Century of Humiliation. Some of its technological successes have been driven by market forces: People wanted to buy goods or communicate more easily, and the likes of Alibaba and Tencent have helped them do just that. China is more corporatism, which is the organization of society by corporate groups such as military and agriculture, which can even be seen through its different selective assemblies and congresses. Also, the communism in China is affected by the political tradition of ancient Chinese imperial system. Beijing expats want the "real China" They prefer Chinese language, history, and culture and avoid Western civilization. China, meanwhile, doesn't apply any such double standards. Reforming Sino-American Cultural Exchange for the Better. World economies keep on changing and countries are also made to change for them to remain competitive. If the U.S. abandons the one-China policy and supports Taiwans independence, conflict will be inevitable, with unimaginable consequences for the world market. When U.S. power interests change, so does the ideological cover, the most typical being the liberal ideology having come to an end and the U.S. coming up with the notion of fair trade. Simmons-Harris Comparative Politics Constitutional Powers Successful Pressure Groups UK and US Constitution Foundations of American Democracy Amendments After the Bill of Rights Articles of Confederation Brutus Papers Checks and Balances Commerce Clause Concurrent Powers Confederation Constitutional Amendment Process Contract with America In that period there has been ruins of buildings as well as joy of victories, rapid advance in success as well as pride, tortuous ordeals and lesions from mistakes done . Thus July 2020 polling data from the Ash Center at Harvards Kennedy School of Government revealed 95% satisfaction with the Beijing government among Chinese citizens. At 22,000 miles, it was very different from what we see today it the! U.S. economic interests, putting the pursuit of hegemonistic benefits in a liberal democracy CPC runs country... $ 40 billion private equity firm based in Hong Kong rest of the States! 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