penndot driveway sight distance
(e)Number of driveways. The provisions of this Chapter 441 issued under the State Highway Law (36 P. S. 670-420), unless otherwise noted. Auxiliary lanes shall consist of the following: (1)Acceleration and deceleration lanes. If the permittee fails to restore the improved area properly, the Department will have the authority to do the work at the expense of the permittee. Roadway construction standardsDepartment Publication No. driveway sight distance measurements (for local roads, use penndot pub 70) the maximum length of roadway along which a driver at a driveway location can continuously see another vehicle approaching on the roadway. Permits will not be issued for bus stop shelters or phone booths, or for advertising signs, liquid fuel pumps, loading platforms, weight scales, or any structure which the Department deems not proper for occupancy of the right-of-way. The applicant shall pay notary and recording costs including the cost of recording the permit in the County Office of the Recorder of Deeds when required, and the cost of all drainage releases. (A)When the highway grade in the section to be used for acceleration, after leaving the driveway, ascends at 3.05.0%, the sight distance in the direction of approaching ascending traffic may be increased by a factor of 1.4. Multiple driveways serving the same property must be separated by a minimum distance of 15 feet measured along the right-of-way line and 20 feet measured along the shoulder, ditch line, or curb. (iii)The access covenant shall become a part of the permit, which shall be recorded in the County Office of the Recorder of Deeds. If the applicant does not hold fee title to the property, the applicant shall notify the fee title holder that an application has been submitted. A driveway normally used by more than 25 vehicles per day but less than 750 vehicles per day, such as: (B)elementary and junior high schools; or. Grade of access driveway shall be constructed in the following manner: (1)All driveways shall be constructed so as not to impair drainage within the right-of-way, alter the stability of the improved area, or change the drainage of adjacent areas. (vi)Where the permittee has the responsibility to restore the highway, including slope or any other appurtenance thereto, under subparagraphs (i)(v), including instances where a presumption of responsibility has not been rebutted, the permittee shall have the duty to restore the improved area in accordance with the permit. (c)Permits not issued for certain structures. 4159. (4)Grade requirements in uncurbed shoulders within the right-of-way shall conform to Figure 1. SupplementAn amendment to a highway occupancy permit issued on Department Form M-945S. (h)Drainage release for other than minimum use driveways. 1 Measured from the point where a left-turning vehicle stops to a vehicle in the outside lane. The longitudinal slope of the sidewalk shall not exceed two inches per foot. If the Department determines that the permitted work is of sufficient magnitude or importance to warrant assignment of one or more employes to inspect the permitted work on a more than spot inspection basis, the permit will so indicate and the permittee shall be charged for all salary, overhead, and expenses incurred by the Department for inspection. Future additional driveways shall consist of the following: (i)If the Department anticipates that a property may be subdivided and that such subdivision will result in an unacceptable number or arrangement of driveways or both, the Department may require the property owner to enter into an access covenant (Form CC-14) prior to issuance of a permit. Kudos/Thank You. Although driveway opening on to State highway was established prior to promulgation of the regulations, the regulation could be applied retroactively to reasonably limit ingress and egress since property is held subject to valid police power regulations made, and to be made, for the health and comfort of the people. Department of Transportation v. Longo, 510 A.2d 832 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2002); appeal denied 814 A.2d 679 (Pa. 2002). If an auxiliary lane must be located in front of property of another person, the applicant shall be required to secure the approval of the other person or indemnify the Commonwealth against any action which the other person may bring against the Commonwealth. Table 6Safe Sight Distance for buses and combinations entering driveways by left turns. The Hidden Driveway Sign (W11-103) shall be authorized for use to denote the presence of a driveway or alley at which the sight distance is restricted. Materials used in the construction of driveways shall meet the requirements of Form 408. 8372 (December 31, 2022). 2. . (6)Altering drainage prohibited. 1986); affirmed 518 A.2d 265 (Pa. 1986). (4)The Department may block driveways or sever, remove or block drainage facilities constructed without a permit or in violation of this chapter. highway and the sight distance (in feet) to the equipment from behind is less . The permit may require the installation of a left turn stand-by lane to separate and protect left turning vehicles from through traffic if failure to do so would result in an undue hazard to the traveling public. (ii)a reference to a standard drawing found in Publication 43 or Publication 90, provided the referenced standard drawing properly depicts the work area and completely addresses the needed traffic control. 2 Measured from a vehicle ten feet back of the pavement edge to a vehicle approaching in the median lane. Issuance fees shall be used to defray costs incurred by the Department in reviewing and processing the application and plan, including the preliminary review of the site location identified in the application, and issuing and processing the permit. Driveway approaches shall conform to the following standards: (1)The location and angle of an access driveway approach in relation to the highway intersection shall be such that a vehicle entering or leaving the driveway may do so in an orderly and safe manner and with a minimum of interference to highway traffic. EgressThe exit of vehicular traffic from abutting properties to a highway. (b)Angle of access driveway approach. PermitA highway occupancy permit (Form M-945P) issued by a district office pursuant to this chapter. Permits shall be recorded whenever deemed necessary by the Department, including when: (1)a permit requires drainage facilities to be installed and maintained; (2)a permit authorizes one or more high volume driveways to be constructed; or. (2)In using Tables 1 through 6 the following additional requirements shall apply: (i)Tables 2, 4, and 6 shall be used in lieu of Tables 1, 3, and 5 only when combination traffic exceeds 5.0% of the total traffic using the proposed driveway. MedianAny structure or area which separates the paved traveled ways for opposing directions of traffic. (2)The distance from the edge of pavement of the intersecting highway to the radius of the first permitted driveway shall be a minimum of 20 feet on curbed highways and 30 feet on uncurbed highways. Absent an agreement on maintenance at an intersection of a city street and a state highway, the State is responsible for maintaining only that portion of the vehicular intersection between actual or extended curb lines of its highway, without any reference to sidewalks; the city is responsible for maintaining crosswalks and other areas up to the actual or extended curb lines of the state highway at the vehicular intersection. See Figure 3. (ii)Applications for driveways which include traffic signal control shall be accompanied by the following additional information: (A)An engineering study in sufficient detail to allow determination of the need for signal control and the adequacy of its design and operation. The placement of vehicles measured at the driveway and on the roadway must be consistent with the operation of the driveway and roadway, as illustrated on Form M-950S and consistent with Publication 282. (e)Application procedure and required information. The provisions of this 441.1 amended September 2, 2011, effective September 3, 2011, 41 Pa.B. (2)Issuance of a permit shall be conditioned upon the Departments approval of the drainage control plan. County officeAny of the various maintenance district offices of the Department. sight distance limitations, and intersections or driveways. (ii)The access covenant will restrict access to the approved locations regardless of whether the land is later subdivided or conveyed to other persons, or both. Property line clearanceThe distance measured along the pavement edge or curb between the property frontage boundary line and the near edge of the driveway. A driveway normally used by not more than 25 vehicles per day, such as: (A)single family dwellings, duplex houses; or. (3)Requests for removal of a median divisor will not be granted without the approval of the director. A driveway normally used by more than 1500 vehicles per day, which often requires traffic signalization, such as: (B)multi-building apartment or office complexes. Sight distance requirements for driveways shall be in accordance with PennDOT regulations, 67 Pa. Code, Chapter 441, "Access to and Occupancy of Highways by Driveways and Local Roads," or successor publication. (i)Plans for other than minimum use driveways. (vi)Hydraulic computations showing effect of additional flow on existing highway drainage system. (b)Permit issued only to property owner. The amount of depression shall not exceed 1 1/2 inches at the inner edge of the sidewalk. OFFSET LEGAL SPEED LIMIT MEASURED BY DATE FOR. Recommend use of PennDOT standards for state highways. (2)The free movement of normal highway traffic is not impaired. (e)Multiple driveways. (v)Dimensions of traffic islands adjacent to the highway and within the development that separate traffic flow from or onto the highway. Section 4904 of the Crimes Code, (18 Pa. C.S. DrivewayEvery entrance or exit used by vehicular traffic to or from properties abutting a highway. (e)Refunds. (2)The district office may require the applicant to submit a traffic control plan if it is anticipated that a potential hazard or interference to vehicular or pedestrian traffic will result from performance of the work. . (c)Driveways adjacent to intersections. Access driveways shall be appropriately surfaced with a stabilized material between the traveled way and the right-of-way line unless a higher type material is specified by the permit. (9)Traffic protection and maintenance. (iv)Responsibility for compliance with the terms of the permit cannot be assigned or transferred by the permittee without first obtaining approval from the Department after submitting Form M-948, Assignment of Permit or License. Comments A median is a highly desirable element on roadways carrying four or more lanes since they provide: a storage area for left-turning and U-turning vehicles; a recovery area for out-of-control vehicles; Table 4Safe Sight Distance for buses and combinations exiting from driveways onto four and six-lane roads. Permit applications shall be submitted in the name of the owner of the property. All drainage releases shall be notarized and recorded, by and at the expense of the applicant, in the County Office of the Recorder of Deeds. The free movement of normal highway traffic is not impaired. If the permittee has received oral notice of the violation, written notice shall be sent to the permittee within 10 days of receipt of the oral notice. Private roads and driveways 212.106(d) (4): Truck pulloffs and hazardous grades 212.106(d) (5): Temporary traffic control Where the width of the highway right-of-way is insufficient to permit the construction of a needed auxiliary lane, the permittee shall provide any necessary additional right-of-way. Permanent curbingPlain or reinforced cement concrete curb which meets Department standards. The permittee shall fully indemnify and save harmless and defend the Commonwealth, its agents and employes, of and from all liability for damages or injury occurring to any person or persons or property through or in consequence of any act or omission of any contractor, agent, servant, employe, or person engaged or employed in, about, or upon the work, by, at the instance, or with the approval or consent of the permittee; from any failure of the permittee or any such person to comply with the permit or this chapter; and, for a period of two years after completion of the permitted work, from the failure of the highway in the immediate area of the work performed under the permit where there is no similar failure of the highway beyond the area adjacent to the area of the permitted work. This curb shall be placed in line with existing curb or two feet back of the shoulder or ditch line on uncurbed highways. The permit will be the authority of the applicant to proceed with the work and will also serve as a receipt for the fees accompanying the application. Prior to revocation of a permit except for nonpayment as specified in paragraph (2), the applicant shall be given an opportunity for a hearing in accordance with 2 Pa.C.S. (3)Access to a property which abuts two or more intersecting streets or highways may be restricted to only that roadway which can more safely accommodate its traffic. Table 5Safe Sight Distance for passenger cars and single unit trucks entering driveways by left turns. (3)If, in the opinion of the Department, there is a high probability that vehicles would otherwise utilize a portion of the property frontage other than the approved driveway to gain access to the property, the permit may require curbing or other physical barriers to be constructed. The Pennsylvania Code website reflects the Pennsylvania Code changes effective through 52 Pa.B. g = Percent grade of roadway divided by 100. (iv)High volume driveway, see Figure 10. Median openings shall consist of the following: (1)The removal of a portion of median divisor along a divided highway to provide access to and from traffic in both directions will not be permitted unless it is determined that the operating characteristics of the highway system will be improved by such action. (n)Shoulder upgrading. (6)The other action as may be deemed necessary or proper after consultation with the Office of Chief Counsel. If at any time it shall be found by the Department that the work is not being done or has not been properly performed, the permittee upon being notified in writing by the Department shall immediately take the necessary steps, at its own expense, to place the work in condition to conform to such requirements or standards. (a)General. PennDOT: Please refer to the driveway design requirements, sec on 441.8, page 441-25 of the Pennsylvania Code, Title 67, Transporta on, Chapter 441, . The Department will not grant or deny the permit application until 30 days after receipt of the written notice by the fee title holder. (2)Electrically powered devices. (2)The design features described in this section and illustrated in the attendant figures are to be used by the applicant in designing the driveway plans which accompany the application. (b)General permit inspection fees. 441.8(h)) Embankment removal - sight line profile provided Sight distance . Please refer to PennDOT's highway occupancy permit regulation manuals, which can be obtained from the local District office, for further details. The area between the edge of the pavement and the right-of-way line shall be kept clear of all buildings, sales exhibits, business signs, vehicles, service equipment and similar items. This area shall remain free of any obstructions which may interfere with a clear line of vision for entering or exiting vehicles. (3)Applications for driveways providing access to drive-in-service developments shall, when requested, include information relative to the amount of storage provided between the service facility and the right-of-way, the number of service operations anticipated during peak periods, and the hours and days of operation. However, the Department may authorize bus stop shelters or phone booths by written agreement. Permittee Required to Obtain All Required Approvals or Permits. (3)The side slopes for driveway embankments within the right-of-way shall not be steeper than ten to one. AccessA driveway, street or other means of passage of vehicles between the highway and abutting property, including acceleration and deceleration lanes and such drainage structures as may be necessary for the proper construction and maintenance thereof. Stopping sight distanceThe distance required by a driver traveling at a . (B)Location of traffic signal heads, poles, controller, and detectors. (3)Governmental authorities organized under the laws of this Commonwealth. (2)In using Tables 1 through 6 the following additional requirements shall apply: (i)Tables 2, 4, and 6 shall be used in lieu of Tables 1, 3, and 5 only when combination traffic exceeds 5.0% of the total traffic using the proposed driveway. In the event the Department determines that such structures, equipment, or property pose a threat to the public safety and the permittee fails to remove the same after notice from the Department to do so, the Secretary or his attorneys, or any attorney of any court of record shall be authorized to appear for the permittee, and to enter an amicable action of ejectment and confess judgment against the permittee; and the attorney shall be authorized to issue forthwith a writ of possession without leave of court, all at the cost of the permittee. Divided highwayA highway divided into two or more roadways and so constructed as to impede vehicular traffic between the roadways by providing an intervening space, physical barrier, or clearly indicated dividing section. Permits will not be issued to contractors of the property owner nor to any person other than the owner of the property. Prohibited use of the highway shall be as follows: (i)No part of the right-of-way shall be used for servicing vehicles, displays or conducting business. 1995). (2)Electrically powered devices. A driveway normally used by more than 1500 vehicles per day, which often requires traffic signalization, such as: (B)multi-building apartment or office complexes. Sight distance values less than desirable will be accepted only if it is impossible to achieve the desirable value by locating the driveway at any point within the property frontage boundaries. (D) When the road descends at greater than 5.0%, sight distance may be reduced by a factor of 0.5. (iii)If the equipment damages the pavement or shoulders, the permittee shall restore the pavement or shoulders to their former condition, at the expense of the permittee. (i)The permittee shall be responsible for causing compliance with all terms and conditions of the permit by its employes, agents, and contractors. Publication 90A Department publication containing requirements for work area traffic control during highway maintenance operations and utility work. Auxiliary lanes shall consist of the following: (1)Acceleration and deceleration lanes. Driveways serving properties located adjacent to a highway intersection shall be subject to the following: (1)There shall be a minimum ten foot tangent distance between the intersecting highway radius and the radius of the first permitted driveway. It is in the public interest to regulate the location, design, construction, maintenance and drainage of access driveways, local roads, and other property within State highway right-of-way for the purpose of security, economy of maintenance, preservation of proper drainage and safe and reasonable access. (ix)The Department, in granting a permit, will waive none of its powers or rights to require the future change in operation, removal, relocation, or proper maintenance of any access within State highway right-of-way. Shoulder lineThe intersection of the shoulder slope with the side slope or ditch slope. (2)Where a drainage ditch or swale exists, the permittee shall install adequate pipe under the driveway in accordance with Form 408. a left turn into a driveway. Sight Distance (Corner sight distance) The maximum distance that a driver can see objects such as traffic signs, pavement markings and moving objects. Requirements for traffic control devices shall be as follows: (1)Nonelectrically powered devices. Read Section 441.7 - General driveway requirements, 67 Pa. Code 441.7, see flags on bad law, and search Casetext's comprehensive legal database . (3)Applications for driveways providing access to drive-in-service developments shall, when requested, include information relative to the amount of storage provided between the service facility and the right-of-way, the number of service operations anticipated during peak periods, and the hours and days of operation. (1)A refund processing fee of $10 shall be deducted from the general permit inspection fees. PennDOT has responsibilities to accommodate both HOP Applicants/Permittees and the traveling public. Low, medium, and high volume driveways which provide access to paved highways shall be paved within the right-of-way. The minimum acceptable sight distance values shall be computed from the following formula: SSSD = Minimum safe stopping sight distance (feet). (ii)The difference between the cross slope of the roadway and the upward grade of the driveway approach shall not exceed 8.0%. This chapter separates driveways into four classifications, based on the amount of traffic they are expected to serve. (a)General rule. Addi onal sight distance should be provided at decision points. 312). Deceleration laneThe portion of the roadway adjoining the traveled way constructed for the purpose of enabling a vehicle that is exiting a roadway to slow to a safe speed after it has left the mainstream of traffic. Ramps are intended to provide access from one roadway or roadway system to another with a minimum amount of conflict or interference from other traffic. See Figure 5. See Figure 6. Traveled wayThe portion of the roadway for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders and auxiliary lanes. The general factors that control the maximum rates of superelevation, as discussed in . Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (62045) and (62046). (B)When the highway grade ascends at greater than 5.0%, sight distance may be increased by a factor of 1.7. 2000d, as implemented by 49 CFR 21 and 23 CFR 230.101 et seq. (2)Supplement fee each six-month time extension or each submitted change shall be$10. This area shall remain free of any obstructions which may interfere with a clear line of vision for entering or exiting vehicles. c. The permittee shall, when requested by the Department, submit to the district office a certificate or certificates of insurance for public liability and property damage, in form and amount satisfactory to the Department, to cover any loss that may be incurred for or on account of any matter, cause, or thing arising out of the permitted construction. (i)Grade of access driveway. (C) When the highway grade in the section to be used for acceleration after leaving the driveway descends at 3.0-5.0%, sight distance in the direction of approaching descending highway traffic may be reduced by a factor of 0.6. 2005); apeal denied 903 A.2d 539 (Pa. 2006). 1 Measured from a vehicle ten feet back of the pavement edge. Dimensions shall be selected from the range of values shown on the appropriate figure, unless site conditions warrant a deviation. (m)Median openings. Stopping sight distanceThe distance required by a driver traveling at a given speed to stop the vehicle after an object on the roadway becomes visible to the driver. Where the width of the highway right-of-way is insufficient to permit the construction of a needed auxiliary lane, the permittee shall provide any necessary additional right-of-way. All other requirements of this chapter shall be complied with before the local road will be allowed access onto a State highway. R Available to PennDOT staff only. Please be as descriptive as possible on the details screen so we can share your feedback with the appropriate personnel. 4159. See Figure 3. Where the applicant will be required to perform a substantial amount of work, the Department may require the applicant to execute an agreement as a prerequisite to issuance of the permit. (3)Additional right-of-way for lanes. PennDOT LTAP technical INFORMATION SHEET #134 SUMMER 2007 400 North Street, 6th Floor . Highway Occupancy Permit Related Forms. (B)When the highway grade ascends at greater than 5.0%, sight distance may be increased by a factor of 1.7. Table 2Safe Sight Distance for buses and combinations exiting from driveways onto two-lane roads. Permits will not normally be issued for occupancy of or access to any limited access highway. Flagmen shall be provided as specified in the permit and in accordance with Publication 43 and Publication 90. (k)Access driveway pavement. t = Perception time of motorist (average = 2.5 seconds). The available corner sight distance on side roads is less than the necessary stopping sight-distance values . (2) The free movement of normal highway traffic is not impaired. PlansDrawings which show the location, character, and dimensions of the proposed occupancy and related highway features, including layouts, profiles, cross sections, drainage, and other details. (d)Property line clearance. (l)Driveways relative to ramps. Drainage pipe installed under driveways shall be at least 15 inches in diameter. The Pennsylvania Code website reflects the Pennsylvania Code 1 Measured from the point where a left-turning vehicle stops for a vehicle in the outside lane. The crosswalk on the lane was not between existing curb lines available to vehicular traffic on the street; it is beyond the outer edge of the shoulder, along which curbing may be located on the street. Upon application duly made, in accordance with this chapter, a permit will be issued by the appropriate district office, subject to this chapter and the conditions contained on the permit and its attachments and supplements. (3)an access covenant (Form CC-14) is executed with the permit as specified in paragraph (16) of 441.6 of this title (relating to general conditions). The Department will examine and determine the genuineness, regularity, and legality of every application, and may reject any application if not satisfied of its genuineness, regularity or legality, or the truth of any statement contained in the application. A description of each classification and typical examples of land uses normally associated with each follows: (i)Minimum use driveway, see Figure 7. (l)Penalty for falsifying application. (ii)Posted speeds shall be used unless operating speeds vary from the posted speed by more than ten miles per hour, in which case the Department may require that operating speeds be used. CurblineA line formed by the face of the existing curb or in its absence the outer edge of the shoulder, along which curbing is or may be located. Permit applications shall be submitted to either the district or county office having jurisdiction over the county in which the proposed work will be performed. Although driveway opening on to State highway was established prior to promulgation of these regulations, this regulation could be applied retroactively to reasonably limit ingress and egress since property is held subject to valid police power regulations made, and to be made, for the health and comfort of the people. Department of Transportation v. Longo, 510 A.2d 832 (Pa. Cmwlth. (C)Act of October 5, 1978 (P. L. 1104, No. For grades, follow the general recommendations of PennDOT Design (2)The radii of internal curves shall be as large as possible to allow a direct movement from the highway into a proper position to obtain service or parking without any interference to other vehicles attempting the same maneuver. 67 Pa. Code 441.8. This will eliminate the need for depressing the back edge of the sidewalk. ShoulderThe portion of the roadway, contiguous to the traffic lanes, for accommodation of stopped vehicles, for emergency use, and for lateral support of base and surface courses and pavements. (11)Approval by inspector. 8372 (December 31, 2022). When all permitted work has been completed, the self-addressed post card (Form M-945G) which accompanies the permit shall be mailed to the district office. EquipmentAll machinery and equipment, together with the necessary supplies for upkeep and maintenance, and also tools and apparatus necessary for the proper construction and completion of the work.
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