saudi arabia allies and enemies
when nineteen men affiliated with al-Qaeda, including 15 Saudi nationals, hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners, crashing two of the planes into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing 2,973. In January 2006, King Abdullah was the first ever Saudi head of State to visit China. One is a democracy, the other an autocratic monarchy. However, published media reports have indicated U.S. frustration with Saudi inaction. Migrant worker abuse and death sentences faced by Indonesian workers in Saudi Arabia are the main problems that have strained diplomatic relations between two countries. Iran survived, scathed and angry, but also contained. Hawara: 'What happened was horrific and barbaric', The people who want you to believe the Ukraine war is fake, What we've learned from Alex Murdaugh murder trial. [124][125], This image has been undermined by disappearance and apparent Saudi state-sanctioned murder of Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi. Enemies and Allies: Iran and Saudi Arabia. [9] Despite this, the U.S. and Saudi Arabia remained close. At about the same time, the United Kingdom's attempts to tie the countries of the region to NATO via Middle East Command, and . the reason. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. [88], President Bashar Al Assad welcomed King Abdullah Al Saud in Damascus in October 2009. [55], The People's Republic of China and Saudi Arabia established official diplomatic relations in July 1990. Iran is reported to have some of the most advanced missile systems in the region. Here is where the key players stand: TheSunni-dominated kingdom ishome to the birthplace of Islam and contains the most important sites in the Islamic world. Senegal has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah. [59], In July 2019, UN ambassadors of 37 countries, including Saudi Arabia, have signed a joint letter to the UNHRC defending China's treatment of Uyghurs and other Muslim minority groups in the Xinjiang region.[60][61]. [24][25], Saudi Arabia and its oil policy were significant factors in the proxy wars of the cold war prior to the downfall of Soviet Communism in the late 1980s and early 1990. This accounts for 25 percent of the total number of Overseas Filipino Workers in the Kingdom.[78]. Formal diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 24 October 1969. Saudi Arabia is represented in Nicaragua by its embassy in, United States has an embassy in Riyadh and consulates-general in. [58] In the first quarter of 2010, Saudi oil export to China has reached over 1,000,000 barrels (160,000m3), exceeding export to USA. History. Russia appears not to have taken a particular side in the crisis between Tehran and Riyadh, indicating instead that it is ready to act as a mediator. Diplomatic relations were established at the independence of Pakistan in 1947 and have strengthened considerably owing to cooperation in regional affairs and trade. Following recognition in 1931, the United States and Saudi Arabia established full diplomatic relations, with exchange of credentials and the first U.S. ambassadorial posting to Jeddah, in 1940. Serial Killers More Scary Than Any Snake. It has done so primarily by trying to mend the schism between Fatah and Hamas, most notably when King Abdullah invited the two factions to negotiations in Mecca resulting in the Mecca Agreement of 7 February 2007. Iran and Israel are arch-foes. [43] The meeting took place on board the USSQuincy at the Great Bitter Lake in the Suez Canal. Both countries are members of the United Nations. The two states have not established diplomatic relations. Two opposing coalitions in the Middle East define a rivalry that threatens to tear the region apart. Due to the ongoing Syrian Civil War, Saudi Arabia closed its embassy in Syria. France also sought an explanation as to how an "accomplished and esteemed" journalist such as Khashoggi vanished. Iran and Saudi Arabia have a sort of gentleman's agreement to avoid explicit warfare, so as not to start a nuclear arms race in the Gulf. The Saudis have allowed direct flights from Tel Aviv . Turkey is more complicated; once it felt . [84], Relations between South Korea and Saudi Arabia were established in 1963. China is fully exploiting the cooling of US-Saudi relations . In 2007 Saudi Arabia again officially supported a peaceful resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Saudi Arabia is also a fan of Pakistan being a Sunni Muslim country and the Saudi military is also trained by Pakistan. Saudi Arabia is responsible for ending the Hashemite dynasty's control over Hejaz through their conquests following World War I. Jordan is currently ruled by a branch of the dynasty originally from Hejaz, and installed in Trans-Jordan by the British following the conquest of the region from the Ottomans. ", "The Saudi Connection: Wahhahbism and global terror", "Two years later: 9/11 Tactics; Official Says Qaeda Recruited Saudi Hijackers to Strain Ties", "Arab leaders issue resolutions, emphasize Gaza reconstruction efforts", "Egypt Protests could spread to other countries", "Saudi crown prince defends China's right to put Uighur Muslims in concentration camps", "Saudi Arabia's Mohammed bin Salman Defends China's Use of Concentration Camps for Muslims During Visit to Beijing", "Saudi crown prince defended China's imprisonment of a million Muslims in internment camps, giving Xi Jinping a reason to continue his 'precursors to genocide', "Saudi crown prince defends China's right to fight 'terrorism', "Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Chairs Cabinet's Session", "Saudi Cabinet approves establishment of diplomatic relations between Kingdom and Belize", "1945 Meeting of FDR and Saudi King Was Pivotal for Relations", "Arms for the King and His Family: The U.S. Arms Sale to Saudi Arabia", "US-Saudi Security Cooperation, Impact of Arms Sales Cordesman", "Home Embassy of the United States Riyadh, Saudi Arabia", "Backgrounder: Basic facts about Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "Chinese president arrives in Riyadh at start of 'trip of friendship, cooperation'", "Chinese president's visit to Saudi Arabia to show friendship", "Which Countries Are For or Against China's Xinjiang Policies? His visit was reciprocated by Chinese President Hu Jintao in April of the same year. Relations were mended in 1996 when Prince Abdullah visited the country. The bitter faceoff between Iran and Saudi Arabia over the Saudis' execution of an Iranian-aligned cleric is the latest flash point in a long-simmering conflict between two Middle East . Relations with Jordan became strained in the years following the Persian Gulf war. SMRG has signed a deal with The Independent to launch foreign-language websites (including Arabic) across the Middle East, which has led to concern over potential editorial influence by the Saudi publisher. In 2016, two-way trade volume reached US$29.04 billion with South Korea exporting cars, electronic goods, steel and other items to Saudi Arabia and importing oil and other petrochemical products from it. ", "Saudi Arabia and Russia among 37 states backing China's Xinjiang policy", "Saudi-Iranian Relations Since the Fall of Saddam: Rivalry, Cooperation and Implication for US Policy", "Saudi Arabia opens new Baghdad consulate and pledges $1bn in loans for Iraq", "Israel denies Saudis gave IDF airspace clearance for Iran strike", Saudi denies Israel airspace deal against Iran, "Saudi ruler demands rapid Syrian withdrawal", "WikiLeaks: The Saudis' Close but Strained Ties with Pakistan", "Saudi Arabian Ambassador to the US on Pakistani President Musharraf's visit to Saudi Arabia", "Pakistani relations with Saudis "strained", "Special advisor Holbrooke's meeting with Saudi Assistant Interior Minister Prince Mohammed bin Nayef", "Manila, Riyadh bilateral ties at their best | Arab News Saudi Arabia News, Middle East News, Opinion, Economy and more", "Saudi role in restoring Philippine peace hailed", "3 Gulf Countries Pull Ambassadors From Qatar Over Its Support of Islamists", "gulfnews.com: "UAE, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain recall their ambassadors from Qatar" 5 Mar 2014", "Saudi Arabia, UAE, Bahrain withdraw envoys from Qatar", "A GCC House Divided: Country Risk Implications of the Saudi-Qatari Rift", "Four countries cut links with Qatar over 'terrorism' support", "Gulf plunged into diplomatic crisis as countries cut ties with Qatar", " ", "Consulate General of the Republic of Korea in Jeddah", "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa", "Acting president calls for expanded economic cooperation with Saudi Arabia", Saudi Arabia arming Syrian rebels croatian weapons. Saudi Arabia contributes large amounts of development aid to Muslim countries. Egypt has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah. [9][27] However, increasingly, in common with the US, fear and mistrust of Iran became a significant factor in Saudi policy. Since the Iraqi invasion, the country has fallen into a Shia regime, causing tension between Saudi Arabia and the United States. Saudi Arabia and Iran - two powerful neighbours - are locked in a fierce struggle for regional dominance. Following the Saudi-Qatar crisis, however, Kuwait expelled 15 Iranian diplomats and shut down related military, cultural and trade missions in the country. This is in part for regional stability in the Mideast and partly because of the oil that they sell. South Korea has an embassy in Riyadh, and a consulate-general in Jeddah. Iran rejects Israel's right to exist and calls for it to be eradicated. The state of Israel was declared in 1948 with a majority Jewish population but, in the Arab world, only has diplomatic relations with Egypt and Jordan. [1] In practice, the main concerns in recent years have been relations with the US, the Saudi Arabianled intervention in Yemen, the IsraeliPalestinian conflict, Iraq, the perceived threat from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the effect of oil pricing. Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh formally established diplomatic relations in 197576, after the killing of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman by pro-Islamic military officers. Russia and China are hostile to domestic issues. VideoRecord numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. A landmark agreement on Filipino household service workers were signed between Saudi Arabia and the Philippines. Osama bin Laden and 15 out of the 19 September 11 attacks hijackers were Saudi nationals, though some[quantify] officials argue that bin Laden planned this deliberately in an attempt to strain U.S.-Saudi relations,[29] and former Central Intelligence Agency director James Woolsey described Saudi Arabian Wahhabism as "the soil in which al-Qaeda and its sister terrorist organizations are flourishing". An angry regime in Damascus responded by withdrawing Jumblatt's VIP . The country enjoyed a very friendly and strongly strategic partnership[90] The historically friendly and strategic relationship between Thailand and Saudi Arabia had drastically deteriorated since the 1990s, following the Blue Diamond Affair. It also seriously harmed the Soviet Communist cause by stabilizing oil prices "throughout the 1980s, just when the Russians were desperate to sell energy in order to keep up with huge hikes in American military spending."[26]. [32], According to government-associated paper Ain Al-Yaqeen article in 2002, Saudi government-sponsored projects were active in non-Muslim countries in Europe, North and South America, Africa, Australia and Asia. Namibia is represented in Saudi Arabia by its embassy in. Desperate for allies, Russia cultivates ties with Iran and Saudi Arabia By Robyn Dixon Updated October 31, 2022 at 3:55 a.m. EDT | Published October 29, 2022 at 7:00 p.m. EDT Bahrain has accused Iran of training "terrorist cells" to operate inside the country to overthrow its government. On 20 October 2010, U.S. State Department notified Congress of its intention to make the biggest arms sale in American history an estimated $60.5billion purchase by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In 2005, due to passing of King Fahd of Saudi Arabia, Pakistan declared a seven-day mourning period. But since the September 11 attacks, in which 15 of . Off Hill Strategies has been called the Saudi embassy's first hiring in 2020. Iran was quick to lend its support when the . For example, the city previously named Lyallpur was renamed Faisalabad in honor of the late Faisal of Saudi Arabia. However, Saudi Arabia recognizes that its ally, the United States, has a strong and supportive relationship of Israel. Nor are Saudis on the list of foreign nationals on his controversial travel ban. According to the FFGI at Goethe University Frankfurt, wahhabist ideology is spread globally with organisations closely associated with the government of Saudi Arabia such as the Muslim World League (WML) and the World Association of Muslim Youth are actively participating. This new . In 1969, an agreement with Qatar was reached about their borders after three years of dispute. Cyprus is represented through its honorary consulate in, Saudi Arabia is represented through its embassy in, France has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in. "Time running out for thai-saudi relations". The country participates in an active economic boycott of Israel. An expanded project could include Qatar or perhaps even Turkey, especially if their interest and influence continue to grow. Saudi Arabia felt a real threat from the civil war in Yemen, but it escalated the air war far beyond its own military capabilities. [2][3][4], Although a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, Saudi Arabia is described as leading the "Pro-Western Camp" of Arab countries, aligned with the U.S. and composed of Egypt, Jordan, and Arab states of the Persian Gulf. WASHINGTON - The White House on Monday lauded Saudi Arabia's pledge to send $400 million in humanitarian assistance to war-torn Ukraine, calling the . Allies of Iran and Saudi Arabia Wikimedia Commons / Noah Saudi Arabia says Iran would use such an attack to divert attention from the anti-hijab protests that have been raging in the country for . It is unlikely you would name the United States, Japan, Isreal, Bhutan, Afghanistan, Russia. Despite cordial relations, beginning sometime in the mid to late 2000s, Saudi Arabia has continued to support Palestine, albeit in a limited fashion and has adopted the position of a peaceful settlement between the Arab/Islamic world and Israel, and has been criticized at times of 'betraying' Palestine. Both countries established diplomatic relations in August 2022. Middle East Battle Lines. Saudi Arabia is represented in Ukraine through its embassy in, This page was last edited on 18 February 2023, at 05:02. Postwar Saudi policy focused on ways to contain potential Iraqi threats to the kingdom and the region. Earlier in 2016, the Kingdom reopened its embassy in Baghdad after it was closed in 1990.[63]. Saudi Arabia's concerns about Iran on the other side are mainly associated with its plans of expanding influence to other parts of the Persian Gulf region, especially in post-Saddam Iraq, and the quest to build its own nuclear arsenal. However, Saudi Arabia's relationship with the United States has been put under pressure since late 2013 following the United States backing down from its intervention in the Syrian Civil War and the United States thawing relations with Iran. "Gulf national security is Egyptian national security. by Lawrence A. Franklin. [51], The U.S. was keen to point out that the arms transfer would increase "interoperability" with U.S. forces. SMRG also donates to the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change to facilitate Tony Blair's work on the Saudi modernisation programme. Afghanistan has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah. I was surprised last week to hear a colleague suggest that the idea that Iran was a force for stability in the Persian Gulf region was now conventional wisdom. In 2012, Saudi Arabia was the 10th largest trading partner of the Philippines, 31st and 8th largest market in the export and import market respectively. Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has strongly urged the international community to prevent Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons and has also called for the annulment of Iran's landmark nuclear deal to curb what he calls its "aggressive" policy in the region. Saudi Arabia and Iran have been engaged in a number of proxy wars in the Middle East. The 2017 crisis saw Saudi Arabia and Egypt joined by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain to cut diplomatic ties and enforce a blockade on Qatar, accusing the country of supporting terrorism . At that time, Israel did not respond to the offer. Alarmed by the rise of the Houthis in 2011, Saudi Arabia decided it was Iran that was backing the group on its borders. India's booming construction industry and rising affluence has created greater demand for goods and services thereby boosting Indian industrial growth. Drone attacks and other provocations by Iran and its allies against the Saudis, Emiratis and their neighbors will have to be met with the kind of American military response that leaves no doubt of our determination to prevail. In the 1930s, oil exploration by Standard Oil commenced. In 1969 the personnel of the Pakistani Air Force flew the Saudi fighter planes to ward off an invasion from South Yemen. . Tehran appears to have stepped up these operations: in March 2018, the Houthis - widely seen as the main Yemeni ally of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) - launched ballistic missiles at Riyadh. RAY SUAREZ: For decades the United States has considered Saudi Arabia one of its most valuable allies in the oil-rich region of the Middle East. Moscow's involvement in the Middle East goes back to the Cold War times, when the Soviet Union provided arms and training for Syria's military officers. [57] In 2008, Sino-Saudi bilateral trade was worth 32,500,000,000,[56] making Saudi Arabia China's largest trading partner in Western Asia. Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979, when the monarchy was overthrown and clerics assumed political control under supreme leader Ayatollah Khomeini. Relations, both diplomatic and economic, are quite close between the two Muslim-majority Organisation of Islamic Cooperation members. [50] The American envoy to the region is former Sen. George J. Mitchell. Donald Trump's first trip abroad as president was to the Middle East,where he met Saudi and Israeli leaders, who have a common desire to stem Iran's regional influence. Read about our approach to external linking. Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Jakarta, while Indonesia has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate in Jeddah. Saudi Arabia's unique role in the Arab and Islamic worlds, its holding of the world's second largest reserves of oil . Saudi Arabia and the United States appear to have little in common. It is believed that it was Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which held talks with President Pervez Musharraf of Pakistan to foster their relationship and to allow Sharif back in Pakistan. It is also a founding member of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Muslim World League, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the Islamic Development Bankall of which are headquartered in Saudi. Saudi Arabia saw the Bengali nationalists as opposing a Muslim state and thus opposing Islam. Its influence in Syria and in the region in general subsided after the fall of the Soviet Union but Moscow has striven to increase it of late. The two countries, once nominal enemies, turned official allies some 16 months ago, when the foreign ministers of the UAE and Bahrain, as well as Israel's then-Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu . From 1986 to 2006, the country donated 49billion in aid. However, there have been occasions of rapprochement between Egypt and Iran, such as when Iran sponsored an Egyptian-Iraqi oil deal after Saudi Aramco halted its oil exports to Egypt in October 2016. [77], In 2012, about 150,000 Filipino female nurses are working in Saudi Arabia. The decades-old feud between them is exacerbated by religious differences. It is centered in Benghazi, and recently allied with Ansar al-Sharia. Historically, Saudi Arabia avoided direct conflict with its enemies, made use of its deep pockets to steer regional developments, and placed an emphasis on diplomacy as the main tool in its national toolkit. Energy difference is a third source of tension between Saudi Arabia and Iran. Honduras is represented in Saudi Arabia by its embassy in Cairo. A final agreement about the Qatar border was signed in 2001. As of June 2013, there are about 674,000 Filipinos working in Saudi Arabia according to the Saudi Ministry of Interior. Both Saudi Arabia and Iran have aspirations for Islamic leadership and both the countries possess a different vision of regional order. During the 2003-2019 period, trade between Riyadh and Abu Dhabi also increased tenfold from $2.5 billion to $24.5 billion, with the UAE taking the lion's share with $18 billion of exports to Saudi. Ethiopia has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah. [75] Wikileaks further revealed that, Prince Mohammed bin Nayef, then Saudi assistant minister of interior, described the Pakistani Chief of Army staff Ashfaq Parvez Kayani as a "decent man" and the Pakistani Army as Saudi Arabia's "winning horse" and its "best bet"[76] for "stability". The militia, whose Arabic name translates into Party of God, was established by Iran's Revolutionary Guard during Lebanon's civil war in the 1980s. Saudi Arabia and Iran - two powerful neighbours - are locked in a fierce struggle for regional dominance. The balance of trade is heavily in favor of Saudi Arabia, because of its oil and gas exports to Indonesia. The UK has an embassy in Riyadh, consulate in Jeddah and trade office in Al Khobar. TEHRAN According to persons familiar with the situation, Jared Kushner, Donald Trump's son-in-law and former senior advisor, met with Saudi Arabia's de facto ruler and top Saudi Aramco officials in recent weeks as part of a regional tour that mingled personal travel and business. It has an estimated 227,000 troops. Amid recent heightened tension between Saudi Arabia and Iran, Egyptian President Abdul Fattah al-Sisi called for "avoiding escalation of tension in the region, but not at the expense of the Gulf's security and stability". First of all, the idea is not new. While Chinese exports to Saudi Arabia stood at $30.3 billion, 18% of Beijing's total crude oil purchases from the Kingdom totalled $55.5 billion in 2022. For years, Saudi Arabia and Iran were involved in a media war to propagate their own narratives across the Arab world.45 But, following a region-wide trend of increased reliance on influence operations against the rival,46 Saudi Arabia under MBS initiated a set of activities to influence Iran's domestic politics and regime security. A marked change in U.S.-Saudi relations occurred, as Abdullah sought to put distance between his policies and the unpopular pro-Western policies of King Fahd. [11] A majority of Saudi Arabians have expressed a favorable view of China. Answer (1 of 13): Saudi Arabia is a Non-Aligned State whose stated foreign policy objectives are to maintain its security and its paramount position in the Arabian Peninsula. The relations between the two countries have greatly deteriorated in recent years, following the Syrian civil war. DeSantis won't say he's running. For Iran, it is said that there is no place for monarchical regimes in Islam, like the ones seen in Saudi Arabia and also in some other Arab countries. Consulum, a London-based PR firm primarily staffed by former Bell Pottinger employees, has worked on communications programmes with the Saudi Arabian government and PR firm Freud Communications, which has worked with the kingdom in propagating the Saudi Vision 2030 relaunch under Bin Salman, distanced itself from the regime following the disappearance of Khashoggi. Saudi Arabia has denied reports in Israeli media that a high-level Saudi prince secretly visited Israel for talks in September. The Gulf States of Qatar, Bahrain and Kuwait have had friendlier ties with Saudi Arabia than Iran in the past. 0:57. The package represents a considerable improvement in the offensive capability of the Saudi armed forces. Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Hariri, who announced his resignation from Saudi Arabia a few days ago, has very good relations with the Saudi government and sides with it against Iran. Each has its own powerful allies, and enemies, in the region. In contrast, the White House and Saudi royals have rolled out the red carpet for each other. Both countries are the member of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and G-20 major economies. Bahrain and Kuwait lean toward Saudi Arabia though. The trade between the two countries accounts for a mere 2.18 percent of their combined economies. The kingdom now understands this and has hired an additional 5 lobbying firms in Washington DC since September to defend its interests in the US and alter its image. Saudi Arabia also hosted former Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif for 8 years while he was in exile. The United Kingdom and United States have become a major centre for public relations (PR) supporting the Saudi regime. Biden's foreign policy task will be to find ways of describing friends and enemies which make their previous selling points part of a new rhetoric. Various attempts have been made to improve the relationship, though none have had lasting success. [92] Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Bangkok and Thailand has an embassy in Riyadh. (Examples of the acculturizing effect of Saudi aid can be seen among the Minangkabau and the Acehnese in Indonesia, as well as among the people of the Maldives. [65][66], Relations between Japan and Saudi Arabia were established in 1955. Abdullah took a more independent line from the US and concentrated on improving regional relations, particularly with Iran. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Guinea-Bissau is represented in Saudi Arabia by its embassy in. Despite both countries' efforts to help contain the situation, the Iranian government has at times accused Saudi Arabia of supporting ISIS, which they had done up until the events of June 2014. They each . All Content. For Saudi Arabia, Yemen has long been a serious national security concern. The agreement was the first for Saudi Arabia with a labor-supplying country. Saudi Arabia also backs rebels in Syria and wants to remove its president, Bashar al-Assad, who is a key ally of Iran.. Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (L) and Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, Saudi Arabia leads a coalition that has attacked the Houthis in Yemen and blockaded the country, The IRGC is a major military, political and economic force in Iran, The US has long been a key backer of Saudi Arabia, Russian President Vladimir Putin has said that Syrian and Russian forces have liberated over 90 per cent of the country's territory, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has also backed Qatar in its row with Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is accredited to Kosovo from its embassy in. [120], Both countries established diplomatic relations in July 2014.[121]. [32], In February 2019, Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman defended Xinjiang re-education camps for Muslims, saying "China has the right to carry out anti-terrorism and de-extremisation work for its national security. Here, Politico Magazine has assembled a list of America's 25 most awkward friends and allies, from Pakistan to Saudi Arabia, Honduras to Uzbekistanand put together a damning, revelatory . Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau threatened to cancel a multimillion-dollar defence contract amidst the Khashoggi controversy.[128]. All parts of the world, except Antarctica and Africa, bordering parts of the Congo. That same year Saudi and U.S. government officials agreed to the withdrawal of all U.S. military forces from Saudi soil. One has individual rights enshrined. South Africa has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah. Central African Republic is represented in Saudi Arabia by its embassy in, Cape Verde is represented in Saudi Arabia by its embassy in. Saudi Arabia and Indonesia have long been close allies. Saudi Arabia has become a major source of financing and economic aid to Bangladesh. The government said in October that "it is one of the countries most affected by the expansionist policy of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards". Each has its own powerful allies, and enemies, in the region. "Thai-Saudi relations likely to worse after murder acquittals Bangkok Post: learning", "Saudi Arabia and Thailand restore relations after three decades of tensions", "Trkiye Cumhuriyeti Riyad Bykelilii", "Austrian Foreign Ministry -> Embassy -> Riyadh", "Sweden 'caved to banker' in Saudi arms deal", "Lfven hesitates calling Saudi Arabia a dictatorship - Radio Sweden", "At last, a Western country stands up to Saudi Arabia on human rights", "Utrikesminister Margot Wallstrms planerade tal vid Arabfrbundets utrikesministermte", Saudis block Swedish minister's speech at Arab League, "Saudi Arabia, Solomon Islands Sign Protocol to Establish Diplomatic Relations - kingdom of Saudi Arabia - Ministry of Foreign Affairs", "Saudi Arabia, Tonga establish diplomatic relations", "Saudi Arabia, Vanuatu sign protocol to establish diplomatic relations", "Saudi Arabia pays UK firms millions to boost image", "Report: U.K. Media, PR Firms Worked for Saudi Arabia to Boost Image", "Jamal Khashoggi: US calls on Saudi Arabia to be 'transparent' about missing journalist", "Jamal Khashoggi: Turkey hunts black van it believes carried body", "MEPs back call for EU members to halt arms sales to Saudi Arabia", "Saudis pick up former Heritage Foundation lobbyist for pre-inauguration push", "FARA Document of the Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Hiring Off Hill Strategies LLC", Our enemies, the Saudis. 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