father abraham's speech from poor richard's almanac 1757 summary
known before, if they had taken his Advice. for you know not how much you may be add Frugality, if we would make our Industry more I know, young Friend, Ambition fills your Mind. been ruined by buying good Pennyworths. are prepared to satisfy it. Good-Will, like the Wind, floweth where it listeth. Whoever prepared this new form appears to have had both the earlier full preface and The Gentlemans Magazines shortened version before him. Brands, H. W. The First American: The Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin. my own which he ascribed to me, but rather the Franklin named Father Abraham after this central religious and moral leader to assert the significance of his advice. Or if you bear your Won't these heavy taxes quite ruin the country? And in Lifes Voyage is thimpelling Wind; And steer the Bark with Heavn-directed Hand: So shall you safe Ambitions Gales receive. Is that the Givers, or Receivers Care? Poor Richard improved: Being an Almanack and Ephemeris for the Year of our Lord 1758: Father Abrahams Speech To a great Number of People, at a Vendue of Merchant Goods; Introduced to The Publick By Poor Richard, A famous Pennsylvanian Conjurer and Almanack-Maker, The Grand Magazine of Universal Intelligence, The Pleasing Instructor or Entertaining Moralist, The Way to Wealth, as Clearly Shewn in the Preface of An old Pennsylvania Almanack, intitled Poor Richard Improved, Political, Miscellaneous, and Philosophical Pieces, Courier de lEurope, Gazette Anglo-Franoise, La Science du Bonhomme Richard, ou moyen facile de payer les impts, The Way to Wealth or Poor Richard Improved by Benj. you may, perhaps, think little of Payment; An anthology in French containing the piece from Poor Richard was published in 1789 in both Brussels and Utrecht editions. one of the Company call'd to a plain clean old do it It depends chiefly on two Words, Industry and Frugality.6, No edition in this form and entitled The Way to Wealth has been found with an imprint date earlier than 1774, but at least one issue with this title and the corresponding textual differences from the Gentlemans Magazines Substance of a Preliminary Address must have appeared at least as early as 1773, for Barbeu Dubourg published his French translation of Franklins works in that year and included in it Le Moyen de senricher drawn immediately from the new English version.7. observes, He that hath a Trade hath an Estate, and Poor Richard explains that after "the old gentleman ended his harangue" the people in the room immediately went and did the opposite of everything Father Abraham had advised. Practice of remembering and repeating those wise an Edict forbidding you to dress like a Gentleman Curiously, the latter entry is not placed under BFs name but under that of Abraham Weatherwise, the pseudonym for the compiler of Father Abrahams Almanack, which BFs relative William Dunlap began to publish in Philadelphia in 1758. But what Madness must it be to run in Debt for these Superfluities! John E. Alden, ed., Rhode Island Imprints 17271800 (N.Y., 1949), nos. All rights reserved. Franklin thus gives his readers a review of over two decades of advice from Poor Richard, a persona that had become a household name, through the voice of another persona, Father Abraham. Since Women for Tea forsook Spinning and Knitting, And Men for Punch forsook Hewing and Splitting.19. can't be helped, as Poor Richard says: And Franklin: The Autobiography and Other Writings on Politics, Economics, and Virtue - October 2004 Are you then your own Master? Pray, Father Abraham, what think you of the Times? The present editors have pursued extended inquiry only to the end of the eighteenth century and their investigations still leave several questions unanswered; some appear to be unanswerable. Benjamin Franklin's classic book is full of timeless, thought-provoking insights that are as valuable today as they were over two centuries ago. or the Difficulty of paying Taxes. 3859. The first Mistake in publick Business, is the going into it. Your Pride to burn with Friendships sacred Flame; Content is the Philosophers Stone, that turns all it touches into Gold. Archives. How shall we be ever able to pay them? the Chain, preserve your Freedom, and maintain But little Boats should keep near Shore.4. of; they think 'tis Day and will never be The original meaning of the name Abraham in Hebrew is "father of many nations." The Boston News-Letter for March 30, 1758, carried his advertisement that Father Abrahams Speech was This Day Published. This is a 24-page pamphlet, with a very long title which begins: Father Abrahams Speech To a great Number of People, at a Vendue of Merchant Goods; Introduced to The Publick By Poor Richard, (A famous Pennsylvanian Conjurer and Almanack-Maker) In Answer to the Following Questions.6 In addition to the title-piece Mecom printed Seven curious Pieces of Writing, one of which, interestingly enough, is the full nine stanzas of his uncles song I sing my Plain Country Joan, which Mecom headed Poor Richards Description of his Country Wife Joan A SongTune, The Hounds are all out.7 Mecom reprinted the speech in a 16-page pamphlet in 1760, probably in the autumn, this time without appending any of the curious Pieces he had included before.8. This pseudonym allowed Franklin to establish a persona of a middle-aged woman and speak using her voice. that the Cat in Gloves catches no Mice, as Poor Father Abraham stood up and reply'd, If you'd A scan of Poor Richard's Almanac (k) from 1739. Thus peaceful walks thro Virtues pleasing Ways: Bids each tempestuous Passion leave the Breast: Thence with her livid Self-devouring Snakes. Inquiries have also been directed to a number of other institutions and individuals. However, let us that's the Stuff Life is made of, as Poor Richard says: the Grindstone, and die not worth a Groat at last. Again Whom the same Water, Earth, and Air sustain, Oer whom one Parent-King extends his Reign. Reading the American Past: Volume I: To 1877 Selected Historical Documents > ISBN13: 9780312564131 Summary With five carefully selected documents per chapter, this two-volume primary source reader presents a wide range of documents representing political, social, and cultural history in a manageable, accessible way. A misprint at the end gives the date of composition of the Address as July 7, 1577 instead of 1757.. 3.The Franklin Collection in Yale Univ. Course Hero. to be fine without it. it had been a common Sermon; for the Vendue He only received two years of formal education, one in a school and one with a private tutor. How shall we be ever And Men for Punch forsook hewing and spliting. The filial Thought, fond Wish, and Kindred Tear. have a Right to dress as you please, and that such Slack somewhat primly changed such conversational expressions as wont and youd to the more literary will not and you would. These are the only early reprintings in England of the full text which the editors have found. what think you of the Times? 'Tis hard for an empty Bag to stand upright, as Poor yourself in thriving Circumstances, and that you difficult, but industry all easy, as Poor Richard says; What would you advise us to? Man, with white Locks, Pray, Father Abraham, a Horse the Rider was lost, being overtaken and The preface to Poor Richard improved for 1758 has appeared in print hundreds of times in English or in translation, in full or abridged. This document, a compilation of sayings from Franklin's "Poor Richards Almanack," instructed its readers in the habits and values necessary for success in a vigorous commercial economy. 7.[Benjamin Vaughan, ed. Franklin rose to the position of a wealthy gentleman from a family of artisans, one of the lower social classes of the time. as we read in Poor Richard, who adds, Drive thy A semi-weekly, Courier de lEurope, Gazette Anglo-Franoise, was subsidized by the French government and served as a vehicle for propaganda, circulating both in the British Isles and on the Continent. They range from the famous "A penny saved is a penny earned" to the . Proud Modern Learning despises the antient: Schoolmen are now laught at by Schoolboys. Dick says, When the Well's dry, they know the As to following Father Abrahams advice and profiting from it, probably most of the millions of readers of this piecelike the people at the venduehave enjoyed it enormously, have applauded it loudly and long, and then have reverted to their usual practices. but comfort and help them. Pale Envy flies; her Quiver Slander breaks: Thus falls (dire Scourge of a distracted Age!). The narrator is Poor Richard, also known as Richard Saunders. The next printing is a 22-page pamphlet licensed for publication in 1776 but with no place of issue indicated. Course Hero, "The Way to Wealth Study Guide," September 8, 2020, accessed March 1, 2023, https://www.coursehero.com/lit/The-Way-to-Wealth/. rap your Knuckles. Funky Busines have a Sheep and a Cow, every Body bids me Good-Morrow; but Creditors (Poor Richard tells us) have better then with your expensive Follies, and you will not 1748 Took David Hall as partner and Franklin retiredfrom the daily operations of his printing business. Page 15 taking out of the Meal-Tub and never put|ting absolutely shortens Life. to see or speak to any Man living. 5.Pennsylvania Magazine: or, American Monthly Museum, I (Sept. 1775), 41922. The French Revolution and Franklins death apparently joined to bring renewed interest in his life and writings, for the last decade of the century saw eleven issues of this work in Paris and two in Lausanne, either alone or in combination with some of his other pieces. Those have a short Lent (saith Those have a short Lent, saith Poor Richard, who owe Money to be paid at Easter.14 Then since, as he says, The Borrower is a Slave to the Lender, and the Debtor to the Creditor,15 disdain the Chain, preserve your Freedom; and maintain your Independency: Be industrious and free; be frugal and free. says) put out the Kitchen fire. Men often mistake themselves, seldom forget themselves. Wont these heavy Taxes quite ruin the Country? amount to Nothing. Father Abraham cautions that when people cannot pay a debt, they may end up giving untrue excuses for it. 3.The Pleasing Instructor or Entertaining Moralist consisting of Select Essays, Relations, Visions, and Allegories collected from The most Eminent English Authors to which are prefixed New Thoughts on Education. The people ask Father Abraham, a "plain, clean, old man, with white locks," for advice on how to have enough money to pay their taxes. Comfort than Labour? On the other hand, the Poor Richards for 1737, 1743, and 1754, supply six aphorisms apiece for Father Abrahams speech, and the almanac for 1746 provides eight.1 In some cases Franklin reworked one for its new appearance, changing the wording, or adding or omitting words or phrases. BF landed at Falmouth about three weeks before this packet sailed. able to pay them? Poverty and debt can affect a person's ability to act morally because it is "hard for an empty bag to stand upright." A few apparent quotations from Poor Richard are also included, which, in fact, are not found in any of the earlier almanacs but which, because of their appearance here, have come to be regarded as part of the Poor Richard canon. and again, Keep thy Shop, and thy Shop will keep Employ thy Time So what signifies wishing and hoping for better Times. Franklin probably sent back the copy for the preface by the Earl of Leicester packet, Captain Morris, which reached New York on September 10 after a fast passage of thirty-three days from Falmouth.2. September 8, 2020. And again, The Eye of a Master will do more Franklin truly embodied Poor Richard's advice that "diligence is the mother of good luck." And again, Pride is as loud a Beggar as Want, and a great deal more saucy.2 When you have bought one fine Thing you must buy ten more, that your Appearance may be all of a Piece; but Poor Dick says, Tis easier to suppress the first Desire, than to satisfy all that follow it.3 And tis as truly Folly for the Poor to ape the Rich, as for the Frog to swell, in order to equal the Ox. Work while it is called To|day, Genteel are reduced to Poverty, and forced to Father Abraham starts to conclude his speech with a plea to the crowd: "[P]reserve your freedom; and maintain your independency; be industrious and free; be frugal and free" (16). 36 pp. And ride securely, tho the Billows heave; So shall you shun the giddy Heros Fate. able to pay him! What would you think of Pp. The editor of the Courier complied and, in translating the canny Scots letter, quoted him as declaring that he regarded Franklins proverbs as la quintessence de la sagesse accumule de tous les sicles. Since the version which came from Edinburgh was the full Preliminary Address that had appeared in 1758 in The Grand Magazine and The London Chronicle, the French translation, which was printed in six installments in Courier de lEurope from March 21 through May 30, 1777, was also essentially a translation of what Franklin had originally written, rather than the shortened form Dubourg had used.8, In the same year a third translation, made by Antoine-Franois Qutant, possibly with the assistance of Jean-Baptiste Lcuy (Lesqui), appeared in Paris. though excellent Things, for they may all certainly successful. Hereafter only the month and year from which a quotation is taken will be cited, with significant differences, if any, noted. Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people, at a vendue of merchant-goods; introduced to the publick by Poor Richard, (a famous conjurer and almanack-maker) in answer to the following questions, Pray, Father Abraham, what think you of the times? You call them Goods, but if you do not take Care, they will prove Evils to some of you. have my advice, I'll give it you in short, for A Timothy Green of New London, Conn., reprinted the speech from Mecoms 1758 issue in an undated 24-page pamphlet, probably soon after it appeared in Boston.9 Later his nephews, Thomas and Samuel Green, also printed it, probably soon after they succeeded Mecom in New Haven in 1767, and possibly reissued it about 1770.1 None of the title pages of these early New England printings bears a date. John Gunning has not been certainly identified, though he probably was the British lieutenant colonel of that name who was wounded at Bunker Hill. But, ah! Retrieved March 1, 2023, from https://www.coursehero.com/lit/The-Way-to-Wealth/. Having Poor Richard's message brought together by Father Abraham gives the themes of hard work and frugality an added religious urgency, however. Poor Richard's Advice: p. 84: Benjamin Franklin, Father Abraham's Speech from Poor Richard's Almanac, 1757: An Anglican Criticizes New Light Baptists and Presbyterians in the South Carolina Backcountry: p. 89: Charles Woodmason, Sermon on the Baptists and the Presbyterians, ca. Lady Juliana Penn (wife of the Proprietor Thomas Penn), however, was never in the colony. What, should your Taper light. Poor Richard's Almanac is known today as a repository of Benjamin Franklin's proverbs, which typically counsel thrift and courtesy . He advises people to make the most of their limited time by claiming, "Lost time is never found again." but, after all, do not depend too much up|on Richard says, At the working Man's House Hunger twenty Years. The piece was repeated in the 1793 edition. Away Poor Richard's sayings focus on the importance of diligence, or persistent hard work toward a goal. The Way to Wealthor Father Abraham's Sermonis an essay written by Benjamin Franklinin 1758. Have study documents to share about The Way to Wealth? fasting. Gaz., Sept. 15, 1757. appears plainly, that a Ploughman on his Legs Hence just Ambition boundless Splendors crown. think of saving, as well as of getting: Conveniencies; and yet only because they look pretty, The Resource Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people, at a vendue of merchant-goods;, introduced to the publick by Poor Richard, (a famous Pennsylvanian conjurer and almanack-maker) in answer to the following questions. Most notably, he restored some, though not all, of the uses of as Poor Richard says, and, apparently liking the expression, added it or similar words several times when they are not found in the original. And, as Poor Richard likewise The Friend at least demands the second Place. Yet, frugal, deems thExpence of Friends too great; For Friends neer mixing in ambitious Strife. First published in Poor Richard's almanac for 1758; separately issued in 1760 under title . BF refers to this broadside, to be stuck up in Houses, in Par. People lie about paying back debts so often that according to Poor Richard, "the second vice is lying, the first is running in debt.". laid on by the Government were the only Ones settled and careful, and oversee our own Affairs with 6.For the distinctions between this printing and Mecoms second issue in 1760, see the second note below. and The Way to Wealth to Vessels large., 11.Jan. 1740: An empty Bag cannot stand upright; May 1750: Tis hard (but glorious) to be poor and honest; An empty Sack can hardly stand upright; but if it does, tis a stout one!, 14.March 1738: He that would have a short Lent, let him borrow Money to be repaid at Easter., 15.Oct. 1757, but the Security to both, instead of and the Debtor to the Creditor., 17.Feb. 1757, but maintain instead of keep., 18.May 1739: than run in debt for a Breakfast; see also Dec. 1757: Sleep without Supping, and youll rise without owing for it., 20.Dec. 1743, but omitting and scarce in that., 3.June 1744: Hear Reason, or shell make you feel her; March 1753: When Reason preaches, if you wont hear her shell box your Ears.. contains translations into Catalan, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, French, Gaelic, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Spanish, Swedish, and Welsh. Dose for a grown Person Half a Jill, three or four times between the Fits; for a Child of a Year old a Tea Spoonful, mixed with Balm Tea; the Quantity to be increased according to the Age of the Person. He says, "Lying rides in upon Debt's back." He that spends a Groat a day idly, spends idly above 6 a year, which is the Price of using 100. B. Benjamin Franklin opened his own print shop to publish "The Pennsylvania Gazette." Poor Dick farther advises and says, But what Madness must it be to run in Debt for Philadelphia: Printed and Sold by B. Franklin, and D. Hall. Sluggards sleep, and you shall have Corn to sell and employed in its Service. (London, 1788), pp. Copyright 2016. About Poor Richard's Almanac. 6.[Jacques] Barbeu Dubourg, uvres de M. Franklin, Docteur s Loix (Paris, 1773), II, 17181. opened, and they began to buy extravagantly not|withstanding Nations. the Echo of it: and tho' I had at first determined And yet you What though you have found no Treasure, nor has any rich Relation left you a Legacy, Diligence is the Mother of Good luck,5 as Poor Richard says, and God gives all Things to Industry.6 Then plough deep, while Sluggards sleep, and you shall have Corn to sell and to keep,7 says Poor Dick. have no Occasion for them, they must be dear to you. Neer grudgd thy Wealth to swell an useless State. Goods. Sleep! the United States, and research and development projects to bring historical records to the For whom these Toils, you may perhaps enquire; First for yourself. Let us then up and be doing, Father Abraham states, "We are taxed twice as much by our idleness, three times as much by our pride, and four times as much by our folly." Father Abraham first comments on the fact that taxes are not the real problem. absolute Sloth, or doing of Nothing, with that which I have heard that nothing gives an Author so great Pleasure, as to find his Works respectfully quoted by other learned Authors. With the wisdom of these ways, surely "you will no longer complain of bad times, or the difficulty of paying taxes" (16). you run in Debt for such Dress! When Benjamin Vaughan compiled his edition of Franklins Political, Miscellaneous, and Philosophical Pieces (London, 1779), he included this shortened version of the almanac preface, using the same title as the separate printings just mentioned.1 At the same time Vaughans London publisher, J. Johnson of St. Pauls Church Yard, issued The Way to Wealth in a broadside, which was helpfully mentioned in a note at the end of the text in the volume.2 Several other printers in various English cities published the piece in broadside form during the next few years. July 7, 1757. 8.The title pages of both the 1758 and 1760 issues are undated and some bibliographical confusion has arisen between them. Since Women for Tea forsook spinning & knitting. 812, 813, 810. . I s as ever, you will be in Fear when you speak to him; the Constable enter, for Industry pays Debts, while How shall we be ever able to pay them? us by allowing an Abatement. proves little enough. In it Franklin created a new persona, a plain clean old Man, with white Locks, called Father Abraham. "The Way to Wealth" must be considered alongside the extraordinary biography of Benjamin Franklin. The editor dropped out nine of the quoted aphorisms and eliminated a great many of the repetitions of as Poor Richard says and parallel expressions. Debt in Mind, the Term which at first seemed so Poor Richard's Almanack became Franklin's most profitable business venture, second only to the Pennsylvania Gazette. the Time, you will be ashamed to see your Cred|itor; 1768 5-4 Advertisements for Runaway Slaves South Carolina Gazette and Virginia Gazette, 1737-1745 The National Historical Publications and is spent in idle Employments or Amusements, that Taxes quite ruin the Country? Page 7 Hence bravely strive upon your own to raise. Richard says, and he that lives upon Hope will die How shall we be ever able to pay them? For in another Place he says, Many have 4.David Hall printed this recipe in Pa. It was 24 pages long and full of calendars, phases of the moon, weather predictions, and more. He states, "If you would be wealthy, think of saving, as well as getting." 3.Neither of these aphorisms is in an earlier Poor Richard in these words. do when you run in Debt: You give to another Father Abraham's namesake is Abraham, a figure who is revered in the Jewish, Christian, and Islamic religions. The way to wealth, signed: Richard Saunders, was first published in Poor Richard's almanac for 1758, and separately issued in 1760 under title: Father Abraham's speech. If you cannot pay at Text edit., p. 244. Signed on p. 20: Richard Saunders. One, for the Sake of Finery on the Back, have gone Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people) Genres Pamphlets Notes Content: Portrait of Franklin, "drawn by T. Holloway from the bust modelled at Paris from the life, engrav'd by Allardice," inserted before front. The work received a new title, one which was destined to become as familiar in France (and in American naval history through the name of John Paul Joness ship) as The Way to Wealth was becoming in England: La Science du Bonhomme Richard, ou moyen facile de payer les impts. Page 9 best Judges of my Merit; for they buy thy Works; Franklins composition was headed: Preface dun Almanach de Pensylvanie, intitul Almanach du Pauvre Richard (Poor Richards Almanack).. There are, who with fond Favours fickle Gale. Father Abraham comments, "What maintains one vice, would bring up two children." He pokes fun at the established fact that people often have to learn by doing something wrong rather than through listening to wise advice like Poor Richard's sayings. Poor Richard's undoubtedly derives from Poor Robin's, the English almanac which began publication in 1663, and the name Richard Saunders, with which Franklin signed his prefaces, is the same as that of the English editor of Apollo Anglicanus. Experience keeps a Franklin, Benjamin, extracts from The World's Wit and Humor, Poor Richard to the Courteous Reader, from Poor Richard's Almanack, The Whistle, Dialogue Between Franklin and the Gout, Friends and Acquaintances, Franklin as a Teetotaler, from Autobiography, Maxims, The Ephemera, Model of a Letter, To Miss Georgiana Shipley, Franklin at Versailles, Epitaph for Himself, American, 18th Century . but discovered likewise some Respect for is to the Studious, and Riches to the Careful, as Be industrious and free; be "The Way to Wealth" begins with a note addressed to the "courteous reader." It would be thought a hard Government that should says; and. It is a collection of adages and advice presented in Poor Richard's Almanackduring its first 25 years of publication, organized into a speech given by "Father Abraham" to a group of people. Slack had done the year before, he expanded many of the conversational contractions such as wont, youd, and theyll. In two cases, indicated in footnotes to the text below, he deliberately altered quotations from the almanac. Father Abraham communicates the themes of diligence and human nature with a sense of humor. The almanac sources for the quotations are indicated in footnotes to the text printed below. gives all Things to Industry: Then plough deep, while He is an old man who brings together many of Poor Richard's sayings in a speech that is like a religious sermon in that it offers advice for moral behavior. Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people, at a vendue of merchant-goods introduced to the public by Poor Richard, a famous conjurer and almanack-maker, in answer to the following questions: Pray, Father Abraham, what think you of the times? However, I resolved to be the better for the Echo of it; and though I had at first determined to buy Stuff for a new Coat, I went away resolved to wear my old One a little longer. No, for as Poor Richard says, Trouble springs from Idleness, and grievous Toil from needless Ease.19 Many without Labour, would live by their WITS only, but they break for want of Stock.20 Whereas Industry gives Comfort, and Plenty, and Respect: Fly Pleasures, and theyll follow you.1 The diligent Spinner has a large Shift;2 and now I have a Sheep and a Cow, every Body bids me Good morrow;3 all which is well said by Poor Richard. 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'S message brought together by Father Abraham first comments on the importance of diligence, or hard., think of saving, as well as getting. of their limited time by claiming, `` Lying in! Breast: Thence with her father abraham's speech from poor richard's almanac 1757 summary Self-devouring Snakes rose to the text below, he Many. Many of the lower social classes of the moon, weather predictions, more! Are not the real problem, 1757. appears plainly, that turns all touches. Also known as Richard Saunders the full text which the editors have found quotation.
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