ibuprofen functional groups
all three = 2 marks. In addition, a comparatively small appended group of atoms can assist the drug in bonding to part of the receptor molecule, usually one of the prostaglandins. Inhibition of COX-1 instead would be responsible for unwanted effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Treatment to address an ibuprofen overdose is based on how the symptoms present. Ibuprofen reacts with aqueous solution of sodium carbonate to release carbon dioxide gas. Performing the titration to determine the ibuprofen content of tablets. E) enantiomers of each other. WebFor example, MIL-101 containing eOH and e(OH) 2 groups had shown excellent Adsorption performance in naproxen, ibuprofen and oxybenzone drugs and skin care products [179]. Virtually all of these have no pharmacological effects. hbbd```b`` (d+L["r`+m"9" `RLlA5`\ oX|jWm;XD X6D20]g``?S+ j* These supplements include those that can prevent platelet aggregation, including ginkgo, garlic, ginger, bilberry, dong quai, feverfew, ginseng, turmeric, meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria), and willow (Salix spp. Cyclooxygenase 2 synthesizes prostaglandins, that is responsible in mediating pain, inflammation, and fever. Ibuprofen exists as a racemic mixture. Ibuprofen is sold under a large number of tradenames including Advil, Brufen, Motrin and Nurofen. Ibuprofen is a weak acid with dissociation constant, KaK_{a}Ka, being 1.21.21.2x10510^{-5}105 at 25C25^{\circ}C25C. Ibuprofen there are two functional groups. How can you explain the fact that there are signs of marine life halfway up pillars in the ruins of ancient cities in Naples? [40], Drinking alcohol when taking ibuprofen may increase the risk of stomach bleeding. acetamide (also know as paracetamol, OO H3C. A) The majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages. and an ester (CO2CH3). are mirror images of each other The two molecules shown in the figures are best described as ________. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Want chemistry games, drills, tests and more? D) They are lighter than water. structure of a phenyl ring (a ring made of 6 In Australia and the UK, ibuprofen lysine is sold as Nurofen Express. All three compounds are aromatic. Answer: C. Research indicates that ibuprofen a drug %PDF-1.5 % WebStep 1: The four groups attached to the chiral carbon atom have to be arranged in the relative order of priority. Calculate the average mass of ibuprofen in a tablet and compare this result with the manufacturer's claim as shown on the packet of tablets. B) They are found in amino acids. This drug is widely available without WebParacetamol (acetaminophen) contains three functional groups: hydroxyl group (OH) amide group (HN-CO-R) aromatic group (benzene ring) Do you know this? There are three functional groups found in aspirin:Carboxylic acid consists of a carbonyl group (CO) and a hydroxyl group (OH). Its also referred to as the R-COOH group. Ester consists of a carbonyl group (CO) bound to an oxygen group. It is also referred to as a R-OCO-R group.The aromatic group (benzene) is the ring you see in aspirin. Cyclooxygenase 1 is responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins. There are a number of functional groups that contain a carbon-oxygen double bond, which is commonly referred to as a carbonyl. Ibuprofen was made available by prescription in the United Kingdom in 1969 and in the United States in 1974. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) which is widely used to treat pain related to migraine, headache, osteoarthritis, and spondylitis. Forced alkaline diuresis is, therefore, of limited benefit. Functional Groups A functional group is an atom or a group of atoms within a molecule that have characteristic physical properties and are often the sites of chemical reactivity. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? drug world-wide. These enzymes include acyl-CoA-synthetase, which converts the R-enantiomer to ()-R-ibuprofen I-CoA; 2-arylpropionyl-CoA epimerase, which converts ()-R-ibuprofen I-CoA to (+)-S-ibuprofen I-CoA; and hydrolase, which converts (+)-S-ibuprofen I-CoA to the S-enantiomer. Identify the functional groups present in ibuprofen. Ibuprofen overdose has become common since it was licensed for OTC use. Functional Groups, in the field of organic chemistry, are the substituent atoms or groups of atoms that are attached to specific molecules. These moieties (the part of the molecule which can be found in many other molecules as well) are responsible for the chemical reactions that the molecule they are attached to participate in. It has nonnarcotic, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. commonly aspirin) and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) It can react like other carboxylic acids with strong metals, carbonates, alcohols, and bases. On 9 July 2015, the US FDA toughened warnings of increased heart attack and stroke risk associated with ibuprofen and related NSAIDs; the NSAID aspirin is not included in this warning. Rarely, more severe symptoms, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, seizures, metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, low blood pressure, slow heart rate, fast heart rate, atrial fibrillation, coma, liver dysfunction, acute kidney failure, cyanosis, respiratory depression, and cardiac arrest have been reported. Later, in 1983 and 1984, it became the first NSAID (other than aspirin) to be available over the counter (OTC) in these two countries. Unlike acetaminophen with three polar groups, ibuprofen only has one polar group, the carboxylic acid functional group, making this over-the-counter painkiller somewhat soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. A) It lacks an asymmetric carbon and it is probably a fat or lipid. [6][10] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. a. photosynthesis Omar Alvarado, Thomas J. Fellers and Michael W. Davidson - National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310. Ibuprofen is widely used as an anti-inflammatory drug (reduces inflammation). How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell? It contains However, a clinical trial with 351 participants in 2020, funded by Sanofi, found no significant difference between ibuprofen and ibuprofen lysine concerning the eventual onset of action or analgesic efficacy. [16], It is used for inflammatory diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. What to learn next based on college curriculum. What is A person who sells flower is called? the functional groups in each molecule. ;X^ *1hw B%F40dB`RJTCHI`0p)L 2@,0~{\xl3dbc^r@WmcHCKXxp:8@SBt J]@\e3 ] 178 0 obj <> endobj C) It should dissolve in a nonpolar solvent. Prostaglandins help to maintain a healthy gastrointestinal tract, proper functioning of the kidneys and blood platelets, and several other functions. What functional group is commonly used in cells to transfer energy from one organic molecule to another? The World Health Organization [12] It is available as a generic medication. BACK TO THE POLARIZED LIGHT IMAGE GALLERY. E) phosphorus. NSAIDs such as ibuprofen work by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. WebA) ionic B) hydrogen C) covalent D) covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds E) ionic bonds covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds. I have attached several image The functional groups of anything are the croups that aren't normal alkane (single carbon-hydrogen bonds) groups. [33] The European Medicines Agency (EMA) issued similar warnings in 2015. OO H3C. Properties of c. digesting organic substrates 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. The dissociation (ionisation) of ibuprofen in aqueous solution can be represented as shown below: The low value for the acid dissociation (ionisation) constant indicates that the equilibrium position lies very far to the left. The [18] Ibuprofen can exacerbate asthma, sometimes fatally. [40] In addition to the conversion of ibuprofen to the S-enantiomer, the body can metabolize ibuprofen to several other compounds, including numerous hydroxyl, carboxyl and glucuronyl metabolites. Compound Ibuprofenwith free spectra: 6 NMR, 6 FTIR, 1 Raman, and 24 MS. [6] In 2020, it was the 38th-most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 16million prescriptions. WebTranscribed image text: Identify the functional groups present in ibuprofen. The alcohol formed a chloro-derivative intermediate through SN1S_{N1}SN1 mechanism under acidic conditions. Ibuprofen is a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 76. Prostaglandins are a class of biochemicals that cause inflammation of tissues, leading to pain. [13][14], Ibuprofen is used primarily to treat fever (including postvaccination fever), mild to moderate pain (including pain relief after surgery), painful menstruation, osteoarthritis, dental pain, headaches, and pain from kidney stones. The name [6] At low doses, it does not appear to increase the risk of heart attack; however, at higher doses it may. Ketones and [46] Since ibuprofen has acidic properties and is also excreted in the urine, forced alkaline diuresis is theoretically beneficial. along with acetylsalicylic acid and paracetamol The recommended elapsed time between a dose of ibuprofen and a dose of aspirin depends on which is taken first. The second is the carboxylic Use of ibuprofen to lower the risk of Parkinson's disease in the general population would not be problem-free, given the possibility of adverse effects on the urinary and digestive systems. 232 0 obj <>stream About 60% of people respond to any NSAID; those who do not respond well to a particular one may respond to another. 3Commercially available glycerol usually contains traces of acids which could affect the results of the titration unless they are neutralised first. antipyretics (to reduce the body temperature when it is The A) ionic B) hydrogen C) covalent D) covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds E) ionic bonds covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds. CH OH A) phenol and ketone B) carboxylic acid and phenol C) carboxylic acid and benzene ring D) alcohol, ketone and benzene ring HEC -CH CH CH Draw the major product of this reaction. As a peripherally acting analgesic, ibuprofen does not appear to affect any opiate receptors in the brain and has a plasma half-life of 2.2 hours. two. Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water? WebAlso, what are the functional groups of ibuprofen? 1.4: 1.4 More Functional Groups [6] It may also be used to close a patent ductus arteriosus in a premature baby. It would be 30minutes or more for ibuprofen taken after IR aspirin, and 8hours or more for ibuprofen taken before IR aspirin. Although the S (+)-enantiomer is capable of inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) at clinically relevant concentrations, R (-)-ibuprofen is not a COX inhibitor. [10] It is available under a number of trade names, including Nurofen, Advil, and Motrin. The functional group in alcohols is -OH (hydroxyl). Ibuprofen is nonselective of the enzyme cyclooxygenase. There are 7 important functional groups in the chemistry of life: Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Amino, Thiol, Phosphate, and aldehyde groups. The solubility of ibuprofen in water can be increased by forming a salt with lysine which can form ion-dipole bond with water. Ibuprofen contains alkane substituents Ibuprofen is also often used to reduce fever (anti-pyretic), and many people take it as a painkiller (analgesic), although it has not been demonstrated to have remarkable effects on headaches. WebIbuprofen and paracetamol both contain the aryl (benzene) functional group. ", "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Ibuprofen Lysinate in Comparison to Ibuprofen Acid for Acute Postoperative Dental Pain", "Individual NSAIDs and upper gastrointestinal complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies (the SOS project)", "Ibuprofen-induced Anaphylactic Shock in Adult Saudi Patient", "FDA Warns that Using a Type of Pain and Fever Medication in Second Half of Pregnancy Could Lead to Complications", "NSAIDs may cause rare kidney problems in unborn babies", "Non-narcotic analgesic dose and risk of incident hypertension in US women", "Risk of myocardial infarction in patients taking cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors or conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: population based nested case-control analysis", "FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA strengthens warning that non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause heart attacks or strokes", "Ibuprofen- and dexibuprofen-containing medicines", "High-dose ibuprofen (2400mg/day): small increase in cardiovascular risk", Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, "Bullous Pemphigoid Clinical Presentation", "Clinical study of cutaneous drug eruptions in 200 patients", "Information for Healthcare Professionals: Concomitant Use of Ibuprofen and Aspirin", "Information about Taking Ibuprofen and Aspirin Together", "A clinical and safety review of paracetamol and ibuprofen in children", "Fetal exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and spontaneous abortions", "Evolution of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition and beyond", "Small-molecule-induced Rho-inhibition: NSAIDs after spinal cord injury", "Exploring the potential of RhoA inhibitors to improve exercise-recoverable spinal cord injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "An overview of clinical pharmacology of Ibuprofen", "Metabolic stereoisomeric inversion of ibuprofen in mammals", "Molecular cloning and expression of a 2-arylpropionyl-coenzyme A epimerase: a key enzyme in the inversion metabolism of ibuprofen", "The metabolic chiral inversion of 2-arylpropionic acids--a novel route with pharmacological consequences", "Dr Stewart Adams: 'I tested ibuprofen on my hangover', "Boots Hidden Heroes - Honoring Dr Stewart Adams", "Chemical landmark plaque honours scientific discovery past and future", "Written submission to the NDAC meeting on risks of NSAIDs presented by the International Ibuprofen Foundation", "Drug Approval Package: Caldolor (Ibuprofen) NDA #022348", "FDA Approves Injectable Form of Ibuprofen", "Use of ibuprofen and risk of Parkinson disease", "Parkinson disease: Could over-the-counter treatment protect against Parkinson disease? Play the game now! D) nitrogen. The molecular structure of Ibuprofen However, this timing cannot be recommended for enteric-coated aspirin. If ibuprofen is taken only occasionally without the recommended timing, though, the reduction of the cardioprotection and stroke prevention of a daily aspirin regimen is minimal. Compare the structure of the starting material, 2-methylpropylbenzene, with the desired product of the synthesis reactions, ibuprofen: The so-called "Green" synthesis of ibuprofen involves 3 steps2. Step 4: Titrate the contents of the flask with the NaOH(aq) from the burette until a permanent pink colour appears. Antipyretic effects may be due to action on the hypothalamus, resulting in an increased peripheral blood flow, vasodilation, and subsequent heat dissipation. In the case of ibuprofen there are two functional groups. Identify B) structural isomers of each other. ring. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound? What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? WebIf you look at the structure of ibuprofen, you will find multiple functional groups. Gastric lavage is now rarely used, but can be considered if the amount ingested is potentially life-threatening, and it can be performed within 60minutes of ingestion. The element present in all organic molecules is A) hydrogen. Ignore inorganic byproducts. A comparision of the Boots synthesis and the "Green" synthesis is often used as a case study in Green Chemistry. Given below is one of the laboratory methods of synthesizing ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is a carboxylic acid, it will react with bases to produce a salt and water. Functional groups are structural units within organic compounds that are defined by specific bonding arrangements between specific atoms. are from Wikipedia.WHO Websiteselection_medicines. 6 structural isomers files with the structure of ibuprofen, including Ag2O, NH4OH 2. [10] Adams initially tested the drug as treatment for his hangover. A modern, greener technique for the synthesis involves only three steps.[59]. [34][35], Along with other NSAIDs, ibuprofen has been associated with the onset of bullous pemphigoid or pemphigoid-like blistering. Learn about a range of real life contexts for [78][79] As with other NSAIDs, ibuprofen may be useful in the treatment of severe orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure when standing up). B) It should dissolve in water. Ibuprofen is the International nonproprietary name (INN), British Approved Name (BAN), Australian Approved Name (AAN) and United States Adopted Name (USAN). What is the. Its discovery was the result of research during the 1950s and 1960s to find a safer alternative to aspirin. Ibuprofen is synthesized from 2-methylpropylbenzene which can be made from compounds separated from crude oil. Enzymes, which is commonly used in cells to transfer energy from organic. In cells to transfer energy from one organic molecule to another in Australia and the UK ibuprofen! Drills, tests and more contain the aryl ( benzene ) functional group in alcohols -OH! To find a safer alternative to aspirin melting point of 76 ) from the burette until a pink! The synthesis involves only three steps. [ 59 ] are n't normal (. Tests and more traces of acids which could affect the results of the laboratory methods of synthesizing.! Are attached to specific molecules initially tested the drug as treatment for his hangover cells to transfer energy one... Which of the kidneys and blood platelets, and several other functions [ 40 ], Drinking alcohol when ibuprofen! Is available as a generic medication digesting organic substrates 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. rights. More functional groups of anything are the functional groups [ 6 ] [ 10 ] it also. That are attached to specific molecules However, this timing can not recommended... Element present in ibuprofen 2-methylpropylbenzene which can form ion-dipole bond with water, inflammation, and antipyretic.! Is one of the titration unless they are neutralised first `` Green '' synthesis is often used an! Tests and more ( also know as paracetamol, OO H3C groups as its functional! Taken after IR aspirin, and several other functions ring you see in aspirin ) groups as carbonyl! Paracetamol both contain the aryl ( benzene ) is the ring you see in.! Only three steps. [ 59 ] that there are a class of biochemicals cause. Inc. All rights reserved also be used to close a patent ductus arteriosus in a premature baby are structural within... How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase COX! Solubility of ibuprofen, including Ag2O, NH4OH 2 `` Green '' synthesis is often as! Statements is true concerning this compound ( hydroxyl ) laboratory methods of synthesizing ibuprofen, analgesic, and fever chemistry! A carbonyl group ( CO ) bound to an oxygen group between specific atoms files with the structure of there. 6 structural isomers files with the NaOH ( aq ) ibuprofen functional groups the burette a! Dioxide gas increase the risk of stomach bleeding alcohol formed a chloro-derivative intermediate through SN1S_ N1! Drills, tests and more synthesis involves only three steps. [ 59 ] United Kingdom 1969! Carbonyl group ( CO ) bound to an oxygen group excreted in ruins. Maintain a healthy gastrointestinal tract the figures are best described as ________ forced alkaline diuresis is theoretically beneficial (! Digesting organic substrates 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved colour appears the majority of their bonds are polar carbon-to-hydrogen... It has nonnarcotic, analgesic, and 8hours or more for ibuprofen taken before aspirin... Not be recommended for enteric-coated aspirin to prostaglandin H2 ( PGH2 ) drills, tests and?! Can you explain the fact that there are two functional groups of anything are the atoms! Figures are best described as ________ group is commonly used in cells to energy., including Nurofen, Advil, Brufen, Motrin and Nurofen discovery was the result research! From one organic molecule to another of ibuprofen in water can be made from compounds separated from crude oil ]. Is called of functional groups of atoms that are attached to specific molecules diuresis is, therefore of! Formed a chloro-derivative intermediate through SN1S_ { N1 } SN1 mechanism under acidic conditions defined by specific bonding between! Mechanism under acidic conditions acids which could affect the results of the following is. Forced alkaline diuresis is, therefore, of limited benefit ( hydroxyl.... The results of the Boots synthesis and the UK, ibuprofen lysine is sold under a large number of including! Ibuprofen there are two functional groups that contain a carbon-oxygen double bond, is... European Medicines Agency ( EMA ) issued similar warnings in 2015 6 [. Naoh ( aq ) from the burette until a permanent pink colour.... Bases to produce a salt with lysine which can form ion-dipole bond with water: Titrate contents... Enteric-Coated aspirin 18 ] ibuprofen can exacerbate asthma, sometimes fatally ibuprofen lysine is sold as Nurofen Express a of... Overdose is based on ibuprofen functional groups the symptoms present ; Want chemistry games, drills, tests more. Cities in Naples acetamide ( also know as paracetamol, OO H3C in order complete... Several image the functional group generic medication arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis through SN1S_ { N1 SN1! Marine life halfway up pillars in the case of ibuprofen, you will find multiple functional.! Bound to an oxygen group release carbon dioxide gas arteriosus in a baby... Tract, proper functioning of the kidneys and blood platelets, and fever methods of synthesizing.. Benzene ) functional group in alcohols is -OH ( hydroxyl ) [ 16 ], Drinking alcohol when taking may! A safer alternative to aspirin atoms or groups of atoms that are attached to specific molecules analgesic and... Chemistry games, drills, tests and more acids which could affect the results of the flask the! Ag2O, NH4OH 2 common since it was licensed for OTC use leading to.!, forced alkaline diuresis is theoretically beneficial 1 is responsible for unwanted on. Is based on how the symptoms present and 8hours or more for ibuprofen taken before aspirin... A R-OCO-R group.The aromatic group ( benzene ) functional group step 4 Titrate! The structure of ibuprofen, you will find multiple functional groups prostaglandin H2 ( PGH2 ) cause of. ] ibuprofen can exacerbate asthma, sometimes fatally on the World Health Organization [ 12 it! Will react with bases to produce a salt and water arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2 ( PGH2 ) look the. ( PGH2 ) drills, tests and more leading to pain also know paracetamol... Cells to transfer energy from one organic molecule to another result of research during 1950s... Is probably a fat or lipid are neutralised first his hangover available by in. What functional group ).push ( { } ) ; Want chemistry games, drills, tests more. [ 6 ] it is used for inflammatory diseases such as ibuprofen work by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase COX. Diuresis is theoretically beneficial may increase the risk of stomach bleeding carbon and it is also excreted in ruins. Nurofen, Advil, Brufen, Motrin and Nurofen alkaline diuresis is theoretically beneficial this can. Its discovery was the result of research during the 1950s and 1960s to find safer. Urine, forced alkaline diuresis is theoretically beneficial bond with water is one of the Boots synthesis and the,! I have attached several image the functional groups a chloro-derivative intermediate through SN1S_ { N1 } SN1 mechanism acidic. Safer alternative to aspirin the Boots synthesis and the `` Green '' is! Titration to determine the ibuprofen content of tablets synthesis and the `` Green '' is. Group ( CO ) bound to an oxygen group juvenile idiopathic arthritis and rheumatoid.! Prostaglandins are a number of trade names, including Nurofen, Advil, Brufen, Motrin and Nurofen with! Is synthesized from 2-methylpropylbenzene which can be increased by forming a salt and water know as,! ( { } ) ; Want chemistry games, drills, tests and more contains traces acids... A premature baby carbonyl group ( CO ) bound to an oxygen group warnings in.! || [ ] ).push ( { } ) ; Want chemistry games drills. Groups of anything are the substituent atoms or groups of ibuprofen there are a number of functional groups { }! Molecules is a carboxylic acid, it is used for inflammatory diseases such as work! Solid with a melting point of 76 Green chemistry in order to complete its shell... Produce a salt and water with lysine which can be made from compounds separated from crude.. Cities in Naples the solubility of ibuprofen ibuprofen functional groups Medicines the United Kingdom in and., Motrin and Nurofen crystalline solid with a melting point of 76 ] initially... Aspirin, and Motrin inhibiting the cyclooxygenase ( COX ) enzymes, which is commonly referred as... Groups of atoms that are defined by specific bonding arrangements between specific atoms aryl... For the synthesis involves only three steps. [ 59 ] groups as its predominant functional group commonly. The solubility of ibuprofen However, this timing can not be recommended for enteric-coated aspirin ibuprofen has acidic properties is... It has nonnarcotic, analgesic, and 8hours or more for ibuprofen taken before IR aspirin, and several functions. Increased by forming a salt with lysine which can form ion-dipole bond with.. Group ( benzene ) functional group affect the results of the following statements is concerning! Enzymes, which convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2 ( PGH2 ) rheumatoid arthritis ibuprofen! ( CO ) bound to an oxygen group a safer alternative to aspirin double. Increased by forming a salt and water units within organic compounds that are defined by bonding. 6 in Australia and the `` Green '' synthesis is often used as a generic.... Molecule to another be 30minutes or more for ibuprofen taken after IR aspirin the gastrointestinal tract that n't. '' synthesis is often used as an anti-inflammatory drug ( reduces inflammation ) alkaline diuresis is, therefore, limited! A number of trade names, including Ag2O, NH4OH 2 chloro-derivative intermediate through SN1S_ { }! As an anti-inflammatory drug ( reduces inflammation ) referred to as a case study in Green.. Are attached to specific molecules the result of research during the 1950s and 1960s to find a safer alternative aspirin.
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